Does our gut microbiome predict cardiovascular risk? A review of the evidence from metabolomics.
Does our gut microbiome predict cardiovascular risk? A review of the evidence from metabolomics.
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DOI：
10.1161/circgenetics.114.000219
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发表时间：
2015-02
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Stanley E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Griffin JL;Wang X;Stanley E
在人类肠道中发现了数百万种微生物，统称为肠道微生物群。最近的研究估计，微生物群基因组包含的基因比宿主基因组多100倍。这些微生物群通过处理宿主未利用的能量底物而有助于消化，其中肠道微生物群的总基因组的约一半与中心碳和氨基酸代谢以及次级代谢物的生物合成有关。因此，肠道微生物组及其与宿主的相互作用影响健康和疾病的许多方面，包括影响尿液和血浆等生物流体的组成。代谢组学是唯一适合捕捉这些功能性宿主-微生物相互作用。本文综述了近年来肠道微生物与宿主代谢相互作用的代谢组学证据，重点关注心血管疾病和代谢综合征的相关方面。此外，重点是将这些代谢物特征转化为潜在的临床生物标志物的复杂性，因为肠道微生物组的组成和活性随许多因素而变化，特别是饮食中特别提到氧化三甲胺。
Millions of microbes are found in the human gut, and are collectively referred as the gut microbiota. Recent studies have estimated that the microbiota genome contains 100-fold more genes than the host genome. These microbiota contribute to digestion by processing energy substrates unutilized by the host, with about half of the total genome of the gut microbiota being related to central carbon and amino acid metabolism as well as the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. Therefore, the gut microbiome and its interaction with the host influences many aspects of health and disease, including influencing the composition of biofluids such as urine and blood plasma. Metabolomics is uniquely suited to capture these functional host-microbe interactions. This review aims at providing an overview of recent metabolomics evidence of gut microbiota-host metabolic interactions with a specific focus on cardiovascular disease and related aspects of the metabolic syndrome. Furthermore, the emphasis is given on the complexities of translating these metabolite signatures as potential clinical biomarkers, as the composition and activity of gut microbiome change with many factors, particularly with diet with special reference to trimethylamine-oxide.