Dynamic rearrangement and autophagic degradation of mitochondria during spermiogenesis in the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha
Dynamic rearrangement and autophagic degradation of mitochondria during spermiogenesis in the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha
复制标题
多形地茅精子发生过程中线粒体的动态重排和自噬降解
DOI：
10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110975
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发表时间：
2022-06-14
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Ueda, Takashi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Norizuki, Takuya;Minamino, Naoki;Ueda, Takashi
线粒体根据发育和环境线索改变其形态。在有性生殖过程中，苔藓植物在细胞体内产生带有两个线粒体的精子。尽管已经进行了深入的形态学分析，但这种固定数量的线粒体是如何实现的仍然知之甚少。在这里，我们研究了地钱在精子发生过程中线粒体如何重组。我们发现在精子形成早期，线粒体的数量通过裂变和自噬降解减少到一个，然后通过前线粒体的裂变产生后线粒体。自噬还负责去除其他细胞器，包括过氧化物酶体，但这些其他细胞器在不同的发育阶段因线粒体降解而被去除。我们还发现精子发生涉及非自噬性细胞器降解。我们的研究结果强调了线粒体的动态重组，其与其他细胞器的调控截然不同，并且多种降解机制在多形精子发生过程中的细胞器重塑中发挥作用。
Mitochondria change their morphology in response to developmental and environmental cues. During sexual reproduction, bryophytes produce spermatozoids with two mitochondria in the cell body. Although intensive morphological analyses have been conducted, how this fixed number of mitochondria is realized remains poorly understood. Here, we investigate how mitochondria are reorganized during spermiogenesis in Marchantia polymorpha. We find that the mitochondria' number is reduced to one through fission followed by autophagic degradation during early spermiogenesis, and then the posterior mitochondrion arises by fission of the anterior mitochondrion. Autophagy is also responsible for the removal of other organelles, including peroxisomes, but these other organelles are removed at distinct developmental stages from mitochondrial degradation. We also find that spermiogenesis involves nonautophagic organelle degradation. Our findings highlight the dynamic reorganization of mitochondria, which is regulated distinctly from that of other organelles, and multiple degradation mechanisms operate in organelle remodeling during spermiogenesis in M. polymorpha.