Firearm Purchasing During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Results From the 2021 National Firearms Survey
Firearm Purchasing During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Results From the 2021 National Firearms Survey
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DOI：
10.7326/m21-3423
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发表时间：
2021-12-21
影响因子：
39.2
通讯作者：
Azrael, Deborah
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Miller, Matthew;Zhang, Wilson;Azrael, Deborah
背景：从2020年3月开始，背景调查激增，这意味着枪支购买的加速。人们对购买这些枪支的人知之甚少。目的：估计大流行前和大流行期间枪支购买者的数量和特征，描述新枪支拥有者的特征，并估计新接触家用枪支的人数。设计：基于概率的在线调查于2021年4月进行。调查权重产生具有全国代表性的估计数。地点：美国，2019年1月1日至2021年4月26日。参与者：29985名（64%）说英语的成年人中有19049人回应了调查邀请；5932人拥有枪支，包括自2019年以来购买枪支的1933人，其中447人成为新枪支拥有者。测量方法：自2019年以来购买枪支的成年人的估计数量和特征，区分那些成为新枪支所有者的人，以及新接触枪支的家庭成员的估计数量。结果：从2019年1月1日到2021年4月26日，估计有2.9%的美国成年人（750万人）成为新的枪支拥有者。大多数人（540万人）生活在没有枪支的家中，除了他们自己之外，总共使1 100多万人暴露于家用枪支之下，其中包括500多万儿童。大约一半的新枪支拥有者是女性（2019年为50%，2020年至2021年为47%），20%是黑人（2019年和2020-2021年为21%），20%是西班牙裔（2019年为20%，2020-2021年为19%）。相比之下，其他非新购枪者主要是男性（70%）和白人（74%），整体枪支拥有者（63%男性，73%白人）也是如此。局限性：回顾性评估受访者购买枪支的时间。全国对新拥枪者的估计是基于447名受访者。结论：减少枪支伤害的努力应考虑近期枪支购买的加速和新枪支拥有者的特点。主要资助来源：乔伊斯基金会。
Background: The surge in background checks beginning in March 2020 suggested an acceleration in firearm purchases. Little was known about the people who bought these guns.Objective: To estimate the number and describe characteristics of firearm purchasers over a period spanning prepandemic and pandemic time, characterize new gun owners, and estimate the number of persons newly exposed to household firearms.Design: Probability-based online survey conducted in April 2021. Survey weights generated nationally representative estimates.Setting: United States, 1 January 2019 to 26 April 2021.Participants: 19 049 of 29 985 (64%) English-speaking adults responded to the survey invitation; 5932 owned firearms, including 1933 who had purchased firearms since 2019, of whom 447 had become new gun owners.Measurements: The estimated number and characteristics of adults who, since 2019, have purchased firearms, distinguishing those who became new gun owners from those who did not, and the estimated number of household members newly exposed to firearms.Results: An estimated 2.9% of U.S. adults (7.5 million) became new gun owners from 1 January 2019 to 26 April 2021. Most (5.4 million) had lived in homes without guns, collectively exposing, in addition to themselves, over 11 million persons to household firearms, including more than 5 million children. Approximately half of all new gun owners were female (50% in 2019 and 47% in 2020 to 2021), 20% were Black (21% in 2019 and in 2020-2021), and 20% were Hispanic (20% in 2019 and 19% in 2020-2021). By contrast, other recent purchasers who were not new gun owners were predominantly male (70%) and White (74%), as were gun owners overall (63% male, 73% White).Limitations: Retrospective assessment of when respondents purchased firearms. National estimates about new gun owners were based on 447 respondents.Conclusion: Efforts to reduce firearm injury should consider the recent acceleration in firearm purchasing and the characteristics of new gun owners.Primary funding source: The Joyce Foundation.