Adolescent and adult male rats differ in sensitivity to nicotine's activity effects
Adolescent and adult male rats differ in sensitivity to nicotine's activity effects
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DOI：
10.1016/s0091-3057(03)00024-8
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发表时间：
2003-03-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Grunberg, NE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Faraday, MM;Elliott, BM;Grunberg, NE
超过90%的吸烟者在青春期开始吸烟，这表明青少年可能特别容易受到尼古丁影响。该实验检查：（1）尼古丁对青春期和成年雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠运动的急性影响（药物阶段1）;（2）未给予尼古丁时，初始尼古丁暴露年龄对运动的影响（中期阶段）;以及（3）初始尼古丁暴露年龄对尼古丁后期反应的影响（药物阶段II）。在药物阶段I，动物接受0、0.01、0.10、0.50或1.0 mg/kg尼古丁sc给药，持续12天，每天测量水平活动。在中期阶段，测量活动，但未给予尼古丁。在药物阶段II期间，动物给予与药物阶段I相同的尼古丁剂量，持续12天，每天测量活动。药物I期研究显示青少年和成人之间存在剂量反应差异，青少年在0.50和1.0 mg/kg剂量下均表现出峰值活性，但成人在0.50 mg/kg剂量下表现出峰值活性。青春期的初始尼古丁暴露（0.50和1.0 mg/kg）（而非成年期）导致在不存在尼古丁的情况下成年期出现多动症（中期）。所有动物成年后再次暴露于尼古丁（药物阶段II）表明，与成年期相比，青春期的初始尼古丁暴露导致成年期的剂量-反应差异与药物阶段I相似。此外，最初在青春期接触尼古丁的动物在成年后对尼古丁的活性增加作用表现出敏感性。这些研究结果表明，尼古丁敏感性存在年龄差异，这可能使青少年时期最初接触尼古丁的人更容易长期吸烟。(C)2003年爱思唯尔科学公司All rights reserved.
More than 90% of cigarette smokers begin smoking during adolescence, suggesting that adolescents may be particularly vulnerable to nicotine's effects. This experiment examined: (1) nicotine's acute effects on locomotion in adolescent and adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (Drug Phase 1); (2) the effects of age of initial nicotine exposure on locomotion when nicotine was not administered (Interim Phase); and (3) the effects of age of initial nicotine exposure on later responses to nicotine (Drug Phase II). In Drug Phase I, animals were administered 0, 0.01, 0.10, 0.50, or 1.0 mg/kg nicotine sc for 12 days and horizontal activity was measured daily. During the Interim Phase, activity was measured but nicotine was not administered. During Drug Phase II, animals were administered the same nicotine dosages as in Drug Phase I for 12 days, and activity was measured daily. Drug Phase I revealed dose-response differences between adolescents and adults such that adolescents exhibited peak activity at both the 0.50- and 1.0-mg/kg dosages, but adults exhibited peak activity at the 0.50-mg/kg dosage. Initial nicotine exposure in adolescence (0.50 and 1.0 mg/kg), but not in adulthood, resulted in hyperactivity in adulthood in the absence of nicotine (Interim Phase). Reexposure to nicotine when all animals were adults (Drug Phase II) revealed that initial nicotine exposure in adolescence compared to adulthood resulted in dose-response differences in adulthood similar to those in Drug Phase I. In addition, animals initially exposed in adolescence exhibited sensitization to nicotine's activity-increasing effects in adulthood. These findings suggest that there are age differences in nicotine sensitivity that could predispose individuals initially exposed to nicotine in adolescence to long-term smoking. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.