How does evolution work in superabundant microbes?
How does evolution work in superabundant microbes?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.tim.2024.01.009
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发表时间：
2024-09-03
影响因子：
15.9
通讯作者：
Kirkpatrick，Mark
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Filatov，Dmitry A.;Kirkpatrick，Mark
海洋浮游植物在地球的生态、化学和地质过程中起着至关重要的作用。它们负责全球大约一半的初级生产，并推动海洋生物碳泵。了解浮游生物物种如何适应地球快速变化的环境显然是当务之急。这个问题需要进化遗传方法，因为进化发生在遗传漂变和自然选择驱动的种群内等位基因频率变化的水平上（微进化）。像球石藻（gephyrocapsa huxley）和蓝藻（prochlorococcus’marinus）等浮游生物是地球上最丰富的生物。在这篇观点论文中，我们讨论了在天文数字大的超丰富微生物（SAMs）群体中的进化可能与在经过充分研究的生物体中发现的较小规模的群体中的进化有何根本不同。这为在尚未探索的条件下研究进化提供了令人兴奋的机会，也带来了独特的挑战。探索这些机遇和挑战是本文的目标。
Marine phytoplankton play crucial roles in the Earth's ecological, chemical, and geological processes. They are responsible for about half of global primary production and drive the ocean biological carbon pump. Understanding how plankton species may adapt to the Earth's rapidly changing environments is evidently an urgent priority. This problem requires evolutionary genetic approaches as evolution occurs at the level of allele frequency change within populations driven by genetic drift and natural selection (microevolution). Plankters such as the coccolithophoreGephyrocapsa huxleyiand the cyanobacteriumProchlorococcus ‘marinus'are among Earth's most abundant organisms. In this opinion paper we discuss how evolution in astronomically large populations of superabundant microbes (SAMs) may act fundamentally differently than it does in the populations of more modest size found in well-studied organisms. This offers exciting opportunities to study evolution in the conditions that have yet to be explored and also leads to unique challenges. Exploring these opportunities and challenges is the goal of this article.