Some aspects of thermal stress on freshwater teleosts
Some aspects of thermal stress on freshwater teleosts
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淡水硬骨鱼热应激的一些方面
DOI：
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发表时间：
1981
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. M. Elliott
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. M. Elliott
热应力是指任何温度变化，造成淡水硬骨鱼的正常功能的显着干扰，从而降低生存的可能性。由于种群和群落水平的应激反应非常复杂且人们对其了解甚少，因此热应激仅在个体鱼的水平上考虑，并且重点关注生态影响，而不是生理影响。本文综述了淡水硬骨鱼类的热极限、最适温度范围和最适温度，并对欧洲27种硬骨鱼的信息进行了总结。本文讨论了热胁迫耐受性和热胁迫抗性的概念，并以褐鳟鱼（萨尔莫）为例进行了初步的阐述。一些鱼类之间的比较与冷水stenotherms的例子，中温动物，温水广温动物。产卵和CGG发育的温度限制被证明比老鱼的正常温度限制要窄得多。简要讨论了影响耐热性的一些因素。在正常耐受范围内的热应力的微妙影响进行了讨论和说明的工作褐鳟鱼。在致死限度内，温度可以通过影响生长和代谢等功能来作为负荷应力，特别是当食物摄入减少时。温度也可以作为一种抑制压力，影响功能，如喂养和产卵。简要讨论了体温和体温调节的变化。除了通过耐受性、抵抗力和代谢调节来对抗热应激外，鱼类还可以通过一些物种的生理调节和许多物种的行为调节来改变它们的体温。后一种反应是鱼类运动的主要因素之一。
Thermal stress is defined as any temperature change that produces a significant disturbance in the normal functions of a freshwater teleost and thus decreases the probability of survival. As stress responses at the population and community level are very complex and poorly understood, thermal stress is consi dered only at the level of the individual fish and emphasis is placed on ecological, rather than physiological, effects. The thermal limits, optimum temperature range and preferred temperatures of freshwater teleosts are reviewed, and information on 27 European species is summarized. The concepts of tolerance and resistance to thermal stress are discussed and illustrated by original work on brown trout, Salmo trutta. Some comparisons are made between fish species with examples of cold-water stenotherms, mesotherms, and warm-water eurytherms. The temperature limits for spawning and cgg development are shown to be much narrower than the normal thermal limits for older fish. Some factors that may affect thermal tolerance are briefly discussed. The subtle effects of thermal stress within the normal tolerance range are discussed and illustrated by work on brown trout. Within the lethal limits, temperature can act as a loading stress by affecting functions such as growth and metabolism, especially when food intake is reduced. Temperature can also act as an inhibiting stress by affecting functions such as feeding and spawning. Changes in body temperature and thermoregulation are briefly discussed. As well as combating thermal stress by tolerance, resistance and metabolic adjustments, fish may be able to change their body temperature by physiological regulation in a few species and by behavioural regulation in many species. The latter response is one of the chief factors responsible for fish movements.