Self-Reported Pain in Male and Female Iraq/Afghanistan-Era Veterans: Associations with Psychiatric Symptoms and Functioning
Self-Reported Pain in Male and Female Iraq/Afghanistan-Era Veterans: Associations with Psychiatric Symptoms and Functioning
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DOI：
10.1093/pm/pnw308
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发表时间：
2017-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Strauss, Jennifer L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Naylor, Jennifer C.;Wagner, H. Ryan;Strauss, Jennifer L.
目标。研究伊拉克/阿富汗时期男女退伍军人的疼痛症状和同时发生的精神和功能指标。伊拉克/阿富汗时期退伍军人的自我报告数据收集和访谈，他们参加了一项部署后心理健康环境的多地点研究。退伍军人被招募到四个参与的VA网站之一。2,587名男性和662名女性伊拉克/阿富汗时期的退伍军人。非参数Wilcoxon秩检验检验了男性和女性退伍军人之间疼痛评分的差异。卡方检验评估了男性和女性退伍军人在赞同中度至高度疼痛与无疼痛的受访者比例上的差异。多水平回归分析评估了疼痛对各种精神和功能测量的影响。与男性相比，女性退伍军人报告的头痛（P < 0.0001）、肌肉酸痛（P < 0.008）和总疼痛（P < 0.0001）的平均水平显著高于男性，并且更有可能报告最高水平的头痛（P < 0.0001）和肌肉酸痛（P < 0.0039）。伊拉克/阿富汗时期退伍军人的疼痛症状与精神共病呈正相关，与心理社会功能负相关。当疼痛程度相等时，在精神和功能指标上没有观察到性别差异。虽然伊拉克/阿富汗时期的女性退伍军人报告的疼痛程度总体上高于男性退伍军人，但男性和女性退伍军人在报告的疼痛程度相同的情况下，经历了相似程度的精神和功能问题。这些研究结果表明，与疼痛相关的心理和功能影响在男性和女性退伍军人中是可比较的和重要的。
Objective. To examine pain symptoms and co-occurring psychiatric and functional indices in male and female Iraq/Afghanistan-era veterans.Design. Self-reported data collection and interviews of Iraq/Afghanistan-era veterans who participated in a multisite study of postdeployment mental health.Setting. Veterans were enrolled at one of four participating VA sites.Subjects. Two thousand five hundred eighty-seven male and 662 female Iraq/Afghanistan-era veterans.Methods. Nonparametric Wilcoxon rank tests examined differences in pain scores between male and female veterans. Chi-square tests assessed differences between male and female veterans in the proportion of respondents endorsing moderate to high levels of pain vs no pain. Multilevel regression analyses evaluated the effect of pain on a variety of psychiatric and functional measures.Results. Compared with males, female veterans reported significantly higher mean levels of headache (P < 0.0001), muscle soreness (P < 0.008), and total pain (P < 0.0001), and were more likely to report the highest levels of headache (P < 0.0001) and muscle soreness (P < 0.0039). The presence of pain symptoms in Iraq/Afghanistan-era veterans was positively associated with psychiatric comorbidity and negatively associated with psychosocial functioning. There were no observed gender differences in psychiatric and functional indices when levels of pain were equated.Conclusions. Although female Iraq/Afghanistan-era veterans reported higher levels of pain than male veterans overall, male and female veterans experienced similar levels of psychiatric and functional problems at equivalent levels of reported pain. These findings suggest that pain-associated psychological and functional impacts are comparable and consequential for both male and female veterans.