Experiential exposure to texting and walking in virtual reality: A randomized trial to reduce distracted pedestrian behavior.
Experiential exposure to texting and walking in virtual reality: A randomized trial to reduce distracted pedestrian behavior.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.aap.2017.02.026
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发表时间：
2017-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Porter BE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Schwebel DC;McClure LA;Porter BE
分心的行人行为是一个重大的公共健康问题，因为研究表明，分心的行人比全神贯注的行人受伤的风险要高得多。尽管如此，减少分心的行人行为的努力还很少。采用重复测量实验研究设计，在城市大学校园高危环境中实施行为干预以减少分心的行人行为，同时监测未暴露在干预下的对照城市大学校园的行为。我们有两个主要目标：通过改变基于社区的规范，减少个人行人对伤害的感知脆弱性，以及减少环境中分心的行人行为。行为干预的标志是社区成员有一个为期一周的机会，通过发短信试图穿过虚拟的步行街，亲自体验分心的行人行为的风险。此外，还通过不同的校园合作伙伴进行传统和社会营销和宣传。在体验分心的虚拟十字路口之前，219人完成了对分心行人受伤感知脆弱性的自我报告调查，并在2周和5个月后再次完成。在基线、干预后、10周和6个月时，在校园繁忙的十字路口以及没有接触干预的对照校园进行了分心行人行为的观察评估。干预取得了好坏参半的结果。暴露在模拟行人环境中发短信的人报告说，他们在分心时过马路的意图发生了变化，在过街时感觉到的风险脆弱性也发生了变化，但我们没有证据表明，与没有接触干预的对照校园相比，根据干预前后观察到的分心行人行为比率，社区规范发生了变化。这项干预在自我报告的意图和想法中产生了一些变化，但并没有在暴露于此的校园中产生重大的行为变化。需要进一步努力开发干预措施，减少分心的行人行为。
Distracted pedestrian behavior is a significant public health concern, as research suggests distracted pedestrians have significantly higher risk of injury compared to fully attentive pedestrians. Despite this, efforts to reduce distracted pedestrian behavior are scant. Using a repeated measures experimental research design, we implemented a behavioral intervention to reduce distracted pedestrian behavior in the high-risk environment of an urban college campus and simultaneously monitored behavior on a control urban college campus not exposed to the intervention. We had two primary aims: reduce perceived vulnerability to injury among individual pedestrians and reduce distracted pedestrian behavior in the environment through a change in community-based norms. The hallmark of the behavioral intervention was a week-long opportunity for community members to experience personally the risks of distracted pedestrian behavior by attempting to cross a virtual pedestrian environment street while text-messaging. This was supplemented by traditional and social marketing and publicity through various campus partners. A sample of 219 individuals completed self-report surveys about perceived vulnerability to distracted pedestrian injury before experiencing the distracted virtual street-crossing and again after 2 weeks and 5 months. Observational assessment of distracted pedestrian behavior was conducted at a busy intersection on the campus as well as at a control campus not exposed to the intervention at baseline, post-intervention, 10 weeks, and 6 months. The intervention achieved mixed results. Individuals exposed to texting within a simulated pedestrian environment reported changes in their intentions to cross streets while distracted and in perceived vulnerability to risk while crossing streets, but we did not witness evidence of changed community norms based on observed rates of distracted pedestrian behavior before and after the intervention compared to a control campus not exposed to the intervention. The intervention created some change in self-reported intentions and thoughts but did not create significant behavior change on the campus exposed to it. Further efforts to develop interventions that will yield a reduction in distracted pedestrian behavior are needed.