Spinal nociceptin mediates electroacupuncture‐related modulation of visceral sympathoexcitatory reflex response in rats
Spinal nociceptin mediates electroacupuncture‐related modulation of visceral sympathoexcitatory reflex response in rats
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DOI：
10.1152/ajpheart.00149.2009
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发表时间：
2008-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Wei Zhou;A. Mahajan;J. Longhurst
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wei Zhou;A. Mahajan;J. Longhurst
本研究调查了痛敏素在电针 (EA) 期间内脏反射调节中的重要性。在麻醉的 Sprague-Dawley 大鼠中，胃扩张（GD）诱导心血管升压反射反应。在 T2-3 时鞘内注射伤害感受肽 (10 nM) 可将 GD 引起的升压反应减弱 37 ± 5%，类似于 EA 在 P 5-6 穴位持续 30 分钟的影响（减少 42 ± 7%）。鞘内注射伤害感受肽拮抗剂 [N-Phe1]-伤害感受肽 (1-13) NH2，可部分逆转 EA 反应 67%。阿片受体拮抗剂纳洛酮预处理不会改变伤害感受素对升压反射的类 EA 抑制作用，而伤害感受素受体拮抗剂与纳洛酮的组合则完全消除了 EA 作用。鞘内注射伤害感受肽可使延髓头端腹外侧电刺激的升压反应减弱 46%，表明伤害感受肽作用于传出通路。在脊髓背角、腹角和中间外侧柱 (IML) 浅层神经元中观察到伤害感受肽的免疫反应性。此外，P 5-6 处的 EA 激活 IML 和背角中的伤害感受器能神经元。这些结果表明，脊髓中的伤害感受肽可能通过其对传入和传出通路的影响来介导内脏反射反应。
This study investigated the importance of nociceptin in the visceral reflex modulation during electroacupuncture (EA). Cardiovascular pressor reflex responses were induced by gastric distension (GD) in anesthetized Sprague‐Dawley rats. Intrathecal injection of nociceptin (10 nM) at T2‐3 attenuated the GD‐induced pressor responses by 37 ± 5% similar to the influence of EA at P 5–6 acupoints for 30 minutes (42 ± 7% decrease). Intrathecal injection of the nociceptin antagonist, [N‐Phe1]‐nociceptin (1–13) NH2, partially reversed the EA response by 67%. Pretreatment with the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone did not alter the EA‐like inhibitory effect of nociceptin on the pressor reflex, while a combination of nociceptin receptor antagonist with naloxone completely abolished the EA effect. Intrathecal injection of nociceptin attenuated the pressor responses to electrical stimulation of the rostral ventrolateral medulla by 46% suggesting that nociceptin acts in efferent pathways. Immunoreactivity for nociceptin was observed in neurons in the superficial laminae of the dorsal horn, ventral horn and intermediolateral column (IML) of the spinal cord. Furthermore, EA at P 5–6 activated nociceptinergic neurons in the IML and the dorsal horn. These results suggest that nociceptin in the spinal cord mediates the visceral reflex responses, likely through its effect on both afferent and efferent pathways.