REINFORCEMENT, REWARD, AND INTRINSIC MOTIVATION - A METAANALYSIS
REINFORCEMENT, REWARD, AND INTRINSIC MOTIVATION - A METAANALYSIS
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DOI：
10.3102/00346543064003363
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发表时间：
1994-09-01
影响因子：
11.2
通讯作者：
PIERCE, WD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CAMERON, J;PIERCE, WD
本文综述了强化/奖励对内在动机影响的研究。 主要的荟萃分析包括96项实验研究，这些研究使用组间设计，在四项内在动机测量中比较奖励受试者和非奖励对照组。 结果表明，总体而言，奖励不会降低内在动机。 当互动效果进行检查，研究结果表明，口头表扬产生的内在动机增加。 当人们仅仅因为完成了一项任务而获得预期的有形奖励时，唯一的负面影响就会出现。 在这种情况下，通过取消奖励后花在任务上的时间来衡量，对内在动机的负面影响很小。 第二个分析进行了五项研究，使用内的主题设计，以评估强化对内在动机的影响，结果表明，强化不会损害个人的内在动机。
This article reviews research on the effects of reinforcement/reward on intrinsic motivation. The main meta-analysis included 96 experimental studies that used between-groups designs to compare rewarded subjects to nonrewarded controls on four measures of intrinsic motivation. Results indicate that, overall, reward does not decrease intrinsic motivation. When interaction effects are examined, findings show that verbal praise produces an increase in intrinsic motivation. The only negative effect appears when expected tangible rewards are given to individuals simply for doing a task. Under this condition, there is a minimal negative effect on intrinsic motivation as measured by time spent on task following the removal of reward. A second analysis was conducted on five studies that used within-subject designs to evaluate the effects of reinforcement on intrinsic motivation; results suggest that reinforcement does not harm an individual's intrinsic motivation.