A Regional Perspective of the Hydrology of the 1993 Mississippi River Basin Floods
A Regional Perspective of the Hydrology of the 1993 Mississippi River Basin Floods
复制标题
1993 年密西西比河流域洪水水文学的区域视角
DOI：
10.1111/0004-5608.00044
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发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Pitlick
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Pitlick
1993年的大洪水是美国历史上损失最惨重的自然灾害之一。这场洪水主要是一种持续的天气模式的结果，这种天气模式在夏季的很长一段时间里为中西部的很大一部分地区带来了降水。在正常年份，该区域大多数地方在5月至8月期间的降雨量约为年降雨量的一半，而与此相反，许多地方的降雨量相当于1993年同期的年降雨量。大部分雨水落在已经饱和的土壤上，无法储存额外的径流。1993年，爱荷华州、明尼苏达州和伊利诺斯州的年降雨量和月降雨量都是100年来最高的。爱荷华州的降水量最高，估计年总降水量为1，200 mm的概率为0.001。密西西比河上游和密苏里州河下游的洪峰流量同样具有低概率的特点，但这些估计值可以有非常不同的解释。
The Great Flood of 1993 was one of the costliest natural disasters in American history. This flood was primarily the result of a persistent weather pattern that delivered precipitation across a very large part of the Midwest for an extended period of the summer. In contrast to normal years when most places in the region receive about half of their annual precipitation between May and August, many places received the equivalent of the annual rainfall in that time period in 1993. Much of this rain fell on soils that were already saturated and unable to store additional runoff. Annual and monthly rainfall totals for the states of Iowa, Minnesota, and Illinois for 1993 were the highest in 100 years. Precipitation was highest in Iowa, where the annual total precipitation of 1,200 mm was estimated to have an exceedence probability of 0.001. Peak discharges on the upper Mississippi and lower Missouri Rivers were likewise characterized by low probabilities, but these estimates can be interpreted very differently ...