Mediators of long-term memory performance across the life span
Mediators of long-term memory performance across the life span
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DOI：
10.1037/0882-7974.11.4.621
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发表时间：
1996-12-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Gaines, CL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Park, DC;Smith, AD;Gaines, CL
个体差异的方法被用来检查预测情节长期记忆性能的组件的过程。共有301名20-90岁的参与者在3天内接受了7小时认知电池。假设影响长期记忆功能的关键结构进行了评估，包括工作记忆和感知速度的多项措施。潜构，结构方程模型被用来研究这些措施和年龄的关系，不同类型的长期记忆任务。速度是所有3种类型的记忆任务的关键结构，介导大量的年龄相关的方差;工作记忆是自由和线索回忆，但不是空间记忆的基本结构。数据表明，速度和工作记忆是解释认知老化中与年龄相关的变化的基础，但这些结构的相对贡献随记忆任务类型的不同而不同。
An individual-differences approach was used to examine the component processes that predict episodic long-term memory performance. A total of 301 participants ages 20-90 received a 7-hr cognitive battery across 3 days. Key constructs hypothesized to affect long-term memory function were assessed, including multiple measures of working memory and perceptual speed. Latent-construct, structural equation modeling was used to examine the relationship of these measures and age to different types of long-term memory tasks. Speed was a key construct for all 3 types of memory tasks, mediating substantial age-related variance; working memory was a fundamental construct for free and cued recall but not spatial memory. The data suggest that both speed and working memory are fundamental to explaining age-related changes in cognitive aging but that the relative contributions of these constructs vary as a function of the type df memory task.