Epidemiology of Diabetes and Diabetes-Related Complications
Epidemiology of Diabetes and Diabetes-Related Complications
复制标题
DOI：
10.2522/ptj.20080020
复制
发表时间：
2008-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Schootman, Mario
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Deshpande, Anjali D.;Harris-Hayes, Marcie;Schootman, Mario
2005年，据估计，美国有超过2000万人患有糖尿病。这些人中大约有30%的人患有未确诊的病例。糖尿病风险增加主要与年龄、种族、糖尿病家族史、吸烟、肥胖和缺乏身体活动有关。糖尿病相关并发症包括心血管疾病、肾脏疾病、神经病变、失明和下肢截肢，是糖尿病患者发病率和死亡率增加的重要原因，并给美国医疗系统带来沉重的经济负担。随着糖尿病及其相关并发症治疗的进展，糖尿病患者的寿命更长。寿命的延长将进一步增加糖尿病的发病率，主要是在老年人和少数种族或族裔群体中。到2050年，美国被诊断患有糖尿病的人数估计将增长到4830万。随机对照试验的结果提供了证据表明，强化的生活方式干预可以预防或延迟高危人群糖尿病的发病。此外，适当和持续控制血糖水平、血压和血脂水平可以预防或延迟糖尿病患者发生糖尿病相关并发症。在美国，迫切需要在个人和人群水平上进行有效的干预，以减缓糖尿病的流行并减少糖尿病相关并发症。本报告描述了目前糖尿病的流行和糖尿病并发症对个人健康和经济的影响，并介绍了医疗保健系统。该报告还提出了遏制这一流行病的建议。
In 2005, it was estimated that more than 20 million people in the United States had diabetes. Approximately 30% of these people had undiagnosed cases. Increased risk for diabetes is primarily associated with age, ethnicity, family history of diabetes, smoking, obesity, and physical inactivity. Diabetes-related complications-including cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, neuropathy, blindness, and lower-extremity amputation-are a significant cause of increased morbidity and mortality among people with diabetes, and result in a heavy economic burden on the US health cart system. With advances in treatment for diabetes and its associated complications, people with diabetes are living longer with their condition. This longer life span will contribute to further increases in the morbidity associated with diabetes, primarily in elderly people and in minority racial or ethnic groups. In 2050, the number of people in the United States with diagnosed diabetes is estimated to: grow to 48.3 million. Results from randomized controlled trials provide evidence that intensive lifestyle interventions can prevent or delay the onset of diabetes in high-risk individuals. In addition, adequate and sustained control of blood sugar levels, blood pressure, and blood lipid levels can prevent or delay the onset of diabetes-related complications in people with diabetes. Effective interventions, at both the individual and population levels, are desperately needed to slow the diabetes epidemic and reduce diabetes-related complications in the United States. This report describes the current diabetes epidemic and the health and economic impact of diabetes complications on individuals and Oil the health care si,stem. The report also provides suggestions by which the epidemic can be curbed.