The Photosynthetic Electron Transport Chain of Oxygenic Photosynthesis
The Photosynthetic Electron Transport Chain of Oxygenic Photosynthesis
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DOI：
10.1089/bioe.2023.0003
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发表时间：
2023-03
期刊：
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Man Qi;Ziyu Zhao;P. Nixon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Man Qi;Ziyu Zhao;P. Nixon
由植物、藻类和蓝细菌进行的光合作用是地球上太阳能转化为化学能的主要途径。该过程提供了基本要素（例如，食物和燃料）供人类生存，并负责为地球大气层提供氧气，这使得多细胞生命得以进化。光子能量在所谓的“光反应”中被收集，并用于从水中提取电子，然后通过电子传递链以一种生物电流的形式被传递，该电子传递链与质子穿过类囊体膜的运动相耦合，以质子电化学梯度的形式存储能量。光反应的最终结果是合成腺苷三磷酸和还原的烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸，它们被“暗”或“光依赖性”反应用于在卡尔文-本森循环中将二氧化碳转化为碳水化合物。在这项研究中，我们总结了参与电子转移的主要氧化还原活性蛋白的结构和功能，并强调了一些最新的发展，旨在提高光反应的效率和鲁棒性。
Oxygenic photosynthesis, performed by plants, algae, and cyanobacteria, is the major route by which solar energy is converted into chemical energy on earth. This process provides the essentials (e.g., food and fuels) for humans to survive and is responsible for oxygenating the earth's atmosphere, which allowed the evolution of multicellular life. Photon energy is harvested during the so-called “light reactions” and used to extract electrons from water, which are then transported through an electron transport chain—in a type of bioelectric current—that is coupled to the movement of protons across the thylakoid membrane, storing energy in the form of a proton electrochemical gradient. The net result of the light reactions is the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, which are used by the “dark” or “light-independent” reactions to convert carbon dioxide into carbohydrates in the Calvin–Benson cycle. In this study, we summarize the structure and function of the main redox-active proteins involved in electron transfer and highlight some recent developments aiming to enhance the efficiency and robustness of the light reactions.