Landscape change and resilience theory: a palaeoenvironmental assessment from Yunnan, SW China
Landscape change and resilience theory: a palaeoenvironmental assessment from Yunnan, SW China
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DOI：
10.1177/0959683607085601
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Dearing, J. A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dearing, J. A.
本文探讨了弹性理论的应用，为十年-千年时间尺度上的社会生态相互作用分析提供了一个改进的理论框架。通过分析过去3000年云南洱海流域土地利用、侵蚀和季风强度的代理记录，该项目确定了景观系统的行为。对这些记录的分析表明，正如土地利用和侵蚀之间的关系所表达的那样，景观中可能存在另一种稳定状态。特别值得一提的是，大约公元前1400年的农业扩张时期引发了快速的沟壑侵蚀，导致了侵蚀景观状态的形成，这种状态从大约公元前800年开始一直存在到今天。对非趋势时间序列数据的比较表明，相对于“更快”的季风强度和洪水，3000多年来的侵蚀和土地利用应被视为“缓慢”的过程。过去，水稻种植和梯田系统的维护抑制了季风变化对洪水的影响。将适应周期映射到土地利用和侵蚀的千年记录表明，现代景观可能正在接近以最小复原力为特征的“保护”阶段。这种对现代景观的“历史剖析”为假设检验、模拟模型的开发和测试以及适当管理策略的创建提供了一个新的维度。
The paper explores the use of Resilience Theory to provide an improved theoretical framework for the analysis of socio-ecological interactions over decadal-millennial timescales. It identifies landscape system behaviour through analysis of proxy records for land use, erosion and monsoon intensity over the past 3000 years in the Erhai lake-catchment system, Yunnan, SW China. Analysis of the records shows the possibility of alternative steady states in the landscape, as expressed by the relationship between land use and erosion. In particular, a period of agricultural expansion similar to 1400 cal. yr BP triggered rapid gully erosion that led to the formation of an eroded landscape state that has existed since similar to 800 cal. yr BP to the present day. Comparison of detrended time-series data suggests that over 3000 years erosion and land use should be considered 'slow' processes relative to the 'faster' monsoon intensity and flooding. In the past, the effects of high monsoon variance on flooding have been suppressed by paddy farming and the maintenance of terraced field systems. Mapping the Adaptive Cycle on to the millennial record of land use and erosion suggests that the modern landscape may be approaching a 'conservation' phase characterized by minimum resilience. Such 'historical profiling' of modern landscapes offers a new dimension for hypothesis testing, for the development and testing of simulation models and for the creation of appropriate management strategies.