Differences in mass balance behavior for three glaciers from different climatic regions on the Tibetan Plateau
Differences in mass balance behavior for three glaciers from different climatic regions on the Tibetan Plateau
复制标题
青藏高原不同气候区3条冰川物质平衡行为的差异
DOI：
10.1007/s00382-017-3817-4
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发表时间：
--
期刊：
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Xiaojun Wang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Meilin Zhu;T;ong Yao;Wei Yang;Baiqing Xu;Guangjian Wu;Xiaojun Wang
青藏高原冰川物质平衡对全球变暖的响应呈现出空间异质性，其气候机制有待进一步研究。本文选取了青藏高原南部的Parlung No.4（PL04）和Zadang（ZD）冰川以及帕米尔高原东部的Muztag Ata No.15（MZ15）冰川，对这三个冰川进行了系统的冰川学和气象学观测。利用能量和质量平衡模型，分析比较了2008年10月1日至2013年9月23日期间这3条冰川的物质和能量平衡特征。结果表明，PL 04、ZD冰川和MZ 15冰川之间物质平衡变化差异的最大原因是冰川融化过程中长波辐射和短波辐射的差异，这两个冰川之间的温度、湿度、降水量和云量存在显著差异。此外，敏感性实验表明，PL 04和ZD冰川物质平衡对气温变化的敏感性明显高于降水变化，而MZ 15冰川的结果则相反。PL04和ZD冰川对气温变化的敏感性明显高于MZ15冰川。这些显着的差异，对气温变化的敏感性，主要是由于在消融季节的降雪量与降水量的比例，消融季节的融化能量（林+Sout）和降水的季节性之间的差异所占据的冰川。反过来，这些条件与当地的气候条件，特别是气温有关。这些因素可以用来解释全球变暖下西藏冰川物质平衡的不同变化模式。
Glacier mass balance shows a spatially heterogeneous pattern in response to global warming on the Tibetan Plateau (TP), and the climate mechanisms controlling this pattern require further study. In this study, three glaciers where systematic glaciological and meteorological observations have been carried out were selected, specifically Parlung No. 4 (PL04) and Zhadang (ZD) glaciers on the southern TP and Muztag Ata No. 15 (MZ15) glacier in the eastern Pamir. The characteristics of the mass and energy balances of these three glaciers during the periods between October 1th, 2008 and September 23rd, 2013 were analyzed and compared using the energy and mass balance model. Results show that differences in surface melt, which mainly result from differences in the amounts of incoming longwave radiation (Lin) and outgoing shortwave radiation (Sout), represent the largest source of the observed differences in mass balance changes between PL04 and ZD glaciers and MZ15 glacier, where air temperature, humidity, precipitation and cloudiness are dramatically different. In addition, sensitivity experiments show that mass balance sensitivity to air temperature change is remarkably higher than that associated with precipitation change on PL04 and ZD glaciers, in contrast results from MZ15 glacier. And significantly higher sensitivities to air temperature change are noted for PL04 and ZD glaciers than for MZ15 glacier. These significant differences in the sensitivities to air temperature change are mainly caused by differences in the ratio of snowfall to precipitation during the ablation season, melt energy (Lin+Sout) during the ablation season and the seasonality of precipitation among the different regions occupied by glaciers. In turn, these conditions are related to local climatic conditions, especially air temperature. These factors can be used to explain the different patterns of change in Tibetan glacier mass balance under global warming.