Temporal exploration in sequential movements shapes efficient neuromuscular control
Temporal exploration in sequential movements shapes efficient neuromuscular control
复制标题
DOI：
10.1152/jn.00922.2017
复制
发表时间：
2018-07-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Yokota, Sayuri
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Furuya, Shinichi;Yokota, Sayuri
早期和刻意练习与遗传倾向的相互作用赋予专家精湛的运动表现。然而，还不知道练习形状运动技巧的方法。在这里，我们通过比较运动练习中节奏变化对钢琴家手指运动的神经肌肉控制的影响来解决这个问题。利用一种新型的微型活动电极肌电图系统，记录了27名钢琴家弹奏钢琴时手部固有肌肉的活动，并采用非负矩阵分解算法和聚类分析对其进行了分析。结果表明，练习不同节奏的目标动作序列会减少肌肉活动，而练习单一节奏的动作序列和不练习的休息都不会改变肌肉活动。此外，有节奏变化的练习改变了肌肉同时激活的模式。这种肌肉协调性的改变与肌肉激活的减少有关，不仅与。但也与任务表现无关。相比之下，钢琴练习提高了演奏的最大速度，其数量与节奏变化是否存在无关。这些结果表明，在练习过程中，动作顺序的时间变化共同优化了运动速度和神经肌肉效率，这强调了练习方式在运动技巧习得中的重要性。运动神经科学中的一个关键问题是“练习的方式”是否有助于塑造运动技巧。我们发现钢琴家的手部固有肌肉的活动衰减和协调性的改变。具体来说，是通过练习不同节奏的动作序列。在练习之后，手指运动的最大速度也得到了提高。这些结果强调了促进多种技能的练习方式的重要性：效率和速度。
The interaction of early and deliberate practice with genetic predisposition endows experts with virtuosic motor performance. However, it has not been known whether ways of practicing shape motor virtuosity. Here, we addressed this issue by comparing the effects of rhythmic variation in motor practice on neuromuscular control of the finger movements in pianists. With the use of a novel electromyography system with miniature active electrodes, we recorded the activity of the intrinsic hand muscles of 27 pianists while they played the piano and analyzed it by using a nonnegative matrix factorization algorithm and cluster analysis. The result demonstrated that practicing a target movement sequence with various rhythms reduced muscular activity, whereas neither practicing a sequence with a single rhythm nor taking a rest without practicing changed the activity. In addition, practice with rhythmic variation changed the patterns of simultaneous activations across muscles. This alteration of muscular coordination was associated with decreased activation of muscles not only relevant to. but also irrelevant to the task performance. In contrast, piano practice improved the maximum speed of the performance, the amount of which was independent of whether rhythmic variation was present. These results suggest that temporal variation in movement sequences during practice co-optimizes both movement speed and neuromuscular efficiency, which emphasizes the significance of ways of practice in the acquisition of motor virtuosity.NEW & NOTEWORTHY A key question in motor neuroscience is whether "ways of practicing" contribute to shaping motor virtuosity. We found both attenuation of activities and alteration of coordination of the intrinsic hand muscles of pianists. specifically through practicing a movement sequence with various rhythms. The maximum speed of the finger movements was also enhanced following the practice. These results emphasize the importance of ways of practicing in facilitating multiple skills: efficiency and speed.