The energy transition in action: urban domestic fuel choices in a changing Zimbabwe
The energy transition in action: urban domestic fuel choices in a changing Zimbabwe
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DOI：
10.1016/s0301-4215(02)00098-8
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发表时间：
2003-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
9
通讯作者：
Mabugu, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Campbell, BM;Vermeulen, SJ;Mabugu, R
1994年在四个小城镇进行了两次关于津巴布韦低收入家庭燃料使用情况的问卷调查，1999年在这些城镇和四个较大的城镇进行了调查。随着（a）家庭收入的增加，（B）城镇电气化程度的提高，出现了从木材到煤油再到电力的能源过渡。以及（c）随着时间的推移，在较小的城镇，尽管其中两个城镇的家庭收入下降。随着时间的推移，高收入群体和低收入群体的收入差距越来越大，这与他们在燃料选择上的更大分歧无关。到1999年，在电力供应良好的城镇，几乎所有家庭都用上电，而在这些城镇，很少使用木柴。然而，即使是最富裕的家庭也继续将联合收割机与其他燃料（通常是煤油）结合使用。较不富裕家庭的用电量显然受到家中缺乏电力连接和无法使用电器的限制，而燃料价格受到政府补贴，按真实的价值计算，在过去5年中有所下降，因此不那么重要。津巴布韦的城市国内能源政策在公平方面取得了相当大的成功，但鉴于目前的经济和政治不确定性，这越来越难以维持。(C)2002爱思唯尔科技有限公司。保留所有权利。
Two questionnaire surveys of fuel use by low-income households in Zimbabwe were conducted in four small towns in 1994, and in these towns plus four larger towns in 1999. An energy transition from wood through kerosene to electricity occurred (a) with rising household income, (b) with increasing electrification status among towns. and (c) over time in the smaller towns, in spite of falling household incomes in two of the towns. Increasing discrepancy in the incomes of higher and lower income groups over time was not associated with greater divergence in their fuel choices. By 1999 electricity was used by almost all households in towns with good electricity supplies, while use of firewood in these towns was infrequent. However, even the wealthiest households continued to combine electricity with other fuels, usually kerosene. Electricity use by less affluent households is apparently limited by lack of connections in the home and by access to appliances, while fuel prices, which are subject to government subsidies and fell in real terms over 5 years, have been less important. Zimbabwe's urban domestic energy policy has had considerable success in terms of equity, but this is increasingly difficult to maintain given present economic and political uncertainty. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.