Colourants and opacifiers of mosaic glass tesserae from Khirbet al-Mafjar (Jericho, Palestine): addressing technological issues by a multi-analytical approach and evaluating the potentialities of thermoluminescence and optically stimulated luminescence dating
Colourants and opacifiers of mosaic glass tesserae from Khirbet al-Mafjar (Jericho, Palestine): addressing technological issues by a multi-analytical approach and evaluating the potentialities of thermoluminescence and optically stimulated luminescence dating
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DOI：
10.1007/s12520-017-0555-9
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Galli, Anna
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fiorentino, Sara;Vandini, Mariangela;Galli, Anna
本文讨论了一套来自Khirbet al-Mafjar（Jericho，Palestine）城堡的不透明彩色早期伊斯兰马赛克玻璃镶嵌块的二次制造技术的数据。对该遗址的考古学背景分析表明，这些发现属于倭马亚时期的建筑，对玻璃基质成分的深入研究提供了来自埃及和叙利亚-巴勒斯坦海岸的双重玻璃供应的证据，这些玻璃用于生产马赛克镶嵌板。在这里，已经进行了多种方法的方法来识别着色剂和遮光剂：可见光反射光谱（VIS-RS），光学显微镜（OM），扫描电子显微镜结合能量色散分析（SEM-EDS），显微拉曼光谱（显微拉曼）和X射线衍射（XRD）进行不透明镶嵌。此外，无论是光释光（OSL）或热释光（TL）协议的发光测年应用于选定的样品，目的是与玻璃镶嵌块的地球化学特征的发光性能，在深化研究的角度向绝对定年，无疑有助于调查古代玻璃制造的刺激性挑战。锡基，磷基和铜基遮光剂进行了鉴定，并取得的结果表明，使用相同的遮光剂和着色剂，而不管不同的基础玻璃。此外，TL和OSL协议获得的数据显示有用的和刺激的潜力，这些技术可以在不透明的玻璃断代。
The paper discusses data concerning the secondary manufacture technology of a set of opaque coloured early Islamic mosaic glass tesserae from the qasr of Khirbet al-Mafjar (Jericho, Palestine). Archaeological contextualisation of the site had allowed attributing these finds to the Umayyad occupational phase of the building, and an in-depth study of the composition of the glassy matrix had provided evidence of a double supply of glass from Egypt and the Syro-Palestinian coast occurring in the production of the base glass intended to be used for the manufacture of mosaic tesserae. Here, a multi-methodological approach has been carried out to characterise colourants and opacifiers: visible reflectance spectroscopy (VIS-RS), optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersion analysis (SEM-EDS), micro-Raman spectroscopy (micro-Raman) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were performed on the opaque tesserae. Moreover, either optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) or thermoluminescence (TL) protocols for luminescence dating were applied on selected samples, with the aim of relating luminescence properties with the geochemical features of the glass tesserae, in the perspective of deepening the studies towards the absolute dating, an unquestionable help to the stimulating challenge of investigating ancient glass manufacture. Tin-based, phosphorus-based and copper-based opacifiers were identified, and the achieved results suggest the use of the same opacifiers and colouring agents regardless of the different base glass. Furthermore, data obtained by TL and OSL protocols revealed useful and stimulating potentialities these techniques could have in dating opaque glasses.