Preference for Attractive Faces Is Species-Specific
Preference for Attractive Faces Is Species-Specific
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DOI：
10.1037/com0000148
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发表时间：
2019-05-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Meary，David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Damon，Fabrice;Li，Zhihan;Meary，David
对成人、婴儿和新生儿面部吸引力的研究一致表明，与被评为无吸引力的面孔相比，人们对被评为有吸引力的面孔有视觉偏好。面部吸引力的生物学描述通常呈现出因择偶适应而产生的偏好或一般感官偏见的副产品。在这项跨物种研究中，我们研究了人类评判者对吸引力做出的明确评级是否可以预测其他人类以及恒河猴的隐含视觉偏好，如果可以的话，这种偏好是否会扩展到同种面孔之外。结果表明，人类对吸引力的评级可以预测非人类灵长类动物（猕猴；Macaca mulatta）的隐性偏好。然而，我们还发现了面部吸引力的物种特异性效应，其中人类对被认为有吸引力的人脸（但不是猕猴脸）表现出视觉偏好，而猕猴对被认为有吸引力的猕猴脸（但不是人脸）表现出视觉偏好。总体而言，研究结果表明，对有吸引力的面孔的注意偏差既不是来自择偶适应机制的排他性运作，也不是来自一般感觉偏差的唯一影响，而是反映了它们的相互作用。一般感觉偏差的影响可能会通过将面孔分类为同种或异种来调节，从而导致特定物种对有吸引力的面孔的偏好。（PsycINFO 数据库记录 (c) 2019 APA，保留所有权利）
Studies on facial attractiveness in human adults, infants, and newborns have consistently reported a visual preference for faces rated as attractive compared with faces rated as unattractive. Biological accounts of facial attractiveness have typically presented such preferences as arising from adaptations for mate choice or as by-products of general sensory bias. In this cross-species study, we examined whether explicit ratings of attractiveness made by human judges would predict implicit visual preferences in other humans and also in rhesus macaques and, if they do, whether such preferences would extend beyond conspecific faces. Results showed that human ratings of attractiveness can predict implicit preferences in nonhuman primates (macaque monkeys; Macaca mulatta). However, we also found a species-specific effect of face attractiveness in which humans showed a visual preference for human faces (but not macaque faces) rated as attractive, and macaques displayed a visual preference for macaque faces (but not human faces) rated as attractive. Overall, the findings suggest that attentional bias toward attractive faces arises neither from an exclusive operation of mate choice adaptation mechanisms nor from the sole influence of a general sensory bias, but rather reflects their interaction. The influence of a general sensory bias may be modulated by the categorization of a face as conspecific or heterospecific, leading to species-specific preference for attractive faces.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved)