The Effect of Government Actions on Environmental Technology Innovation: Applications to the Integrated Assessment of Carbon Sequestration Technologies
The Effect of Government Actions on Environmental Technology Innovation: Applications to the Integrated Assessment of Carbon Sequestration Technologies
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政府行为对环境技术创新的影响：碳封存技术综合评估的应用
DOI：
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Shilpa Rao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Rubin;David A. Hounshell;S. Yeh;Margaret R. Taylor;L. Schrattenholzer;K. Riahi;L. Barreto;Shilpa Rao
该项目旨在提高综合评估模型（IA）的能力，以纳入技术变化，特别是环境技术、成本和性能随时间的变化。在本报告中，我们介绍了研究结果，审查了过去控制其他主要发电厂排放的经验，这些经验可能为碳捕获和封存（CCS）系统未来的技术进步速度提供合理的指导。我们特别关注过去 30 年美国和全球二氧化硫 (SO{sub 2}) 和氮氧化物 (NO{sub x}) 控制技术的经验，并得出这些技术的经验学习率。我们通过对专利活动和随时间推移降低成本的趋势的分析来捕捉技术创新的模式。总体而言，我们发现用于控制 SO{sub 2} 的烟气脱硫 (FGD) 系统的资本成本的学习率为 11%，用于控制 NO{sub x} 的选择性催化还原 (SCR) 系统的资本成本的学习率为 13%。我们探讨了造成所观察到的趋势的关键因素，特别是 SO{sub 2} 和 NO{sub x} 控制监管政策的制定，及其对环境控制技术创新的影响。
This project seeks to improve the ability of integrated assessment models (IA) to incorporate changes in technology, especially environmental technologies, cost and performance over time. In this report, we present results of research that examines past experience in controlling other major power plant emissions that might serve as a reasonable guide to future rates of technological progress in carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) systems. In particular, we focus on U.S. and worldwide experience with sulfur dioxide (SO{sub 2}) and nitrogen oxide (NO{sub x}) control technologies over the past 30 years, and derive empirical learning rates for these technologies. The patterns of technology innovation are captured by our analysis of patent activities and trends of cost reduction over time. Overall, we found learning rates of 11% for the capital costs of flue gas desulfurization (FGD) system for SO{sub 2} control, and 13% for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) systems for NO{sub x} control. We explore the key factors responsible for the observed trends, especially the development of regulatory policies for SO{sub 2} and NO{sub x} control, and their implications for environmental control technology innovation.