A Comparison of the Human Lumbar Intervertebral Disc Mechanical Response to Normal and Impact Loading Conditions
A Comparison of the Human Lumbar Intervertebral Disc Mechanical Response to Normal and Impact Loading Conditions
复制标题
DOI：
10.1115/1.4024828
复制
发表时间：
2013-09-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Marcolongo, Michele S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jamison, David;Cannella, Marco;Marcolongo, Michele S.
34%的美国海军高速艇（HSC）人员患有下背部损伤和腰痛，而普通人群的这一比例为15%至20%。这些损伤中有许多与椎间盘特别相关，包括椎间盘源性疼痛和椎间盘加速退变。许多研究已经描述了正常生理负荷下椎间盘的力学行为，而一些研究还分析了动态负荷条件。然而，冲击负荷对腰椎间盘的影响及其对HSC人员腰痛高发率的贡献仍然没有得到很好的理解。为了研究椎间盘对冲击载荷条件的生物力学响应，对人体腰椎前柱单元进行了体外研究。对样品进行一系列不同持续时间的冲击事件（Δ t-80、160、320、400、600、800和1000 ms），并测量位移水平（0.2、0.5和0.8 mm）、刚度k和能量耗散Δ E。与1000 ms基线相比，Delta t = 80 ms的影响导致k升高18-21%，Delta E下降3-7%，表明椎间盘力学发生了突然变化。在撞击过程中椎间盘机械反应的改变可能导致更多的载荷直接传递到终板、椎体和周围软组织，并且可以帮助开始解释HSC操作者和其他通常经历类似载荷环境的个体中腰痛的高发病率。撞击的“安全范围”的确定可能会导致高速船减震系统设计标准的改进，从而解决HSC人员的腰部受伤问题。
Thirty-four percent of U.S. Navy high speed craft (HSC) personnel suffer from lower back injury and low back pain, compared with 15 to 20% of the general population. Many of these injuries are specifically related to the intervertebral disc, including discogenic pain and accelerated disc degeneration. Numerous studies have characterized the mechanical behavior of the disc under normal physiological loads, while several have also analyzed dynamic loading conditions. However, the effect of impact loads on the lumbar disc-and their contribution to the high incidence of low back pain among HSC personnel-is still not well understood. An ex vivo study on human lumbar anterior column units was performed in order to investigate disc biomechanical response to impact loading conditions. Samples were subjected to a sequence of impact events of varying duration (Delta t-80, 160, 320, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 ms) and the level of displacement (0.2, 0.5, and 0.8 mm), stiffness k, and energy dissipation Delta E were measured. Impacts of Delta t = 80 ms saw an 18-21% rise in k and a 3-7% drop in Delta E compared to the 1000 ms baseline, signaling an abrupt change in disc mechanics. The altered disc mechanical response during impact likely causes more load to be transferred directly to the end-plates, vertebral bodies, and surrounding soft tissues and can help begin to explain the high incidence of low back pain among HSC operators and other individuals who typically experience similar loading environments. The determination of a "safety range" for impacts could result in a refinement of design criteria for shock mitigating systems on high-speed craft, thus addressing the low back injury problem among HSC personnel.