Analysis of landscape transformation processes in and around four West African cities over the last 50 years
Analysis of landscape transformation processes in and around four West African cities over the last 50 years
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DOI：
10.1016/j.landurbplan.2011.12.003
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发表时间：
2012-03-01
影响因子：
9.1
通讯作者：
Buerkert, Andreas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brinkmann, Katja;Schumacher, Joerg;Buerkert, Andreas
撒哈拉以南非洲在过去三十年中经历了大规模的城市化和土地退化过程。利用多源卫星图像结合地理和人口数据，本研究的目的是分析马里、布基纳法索、尼日利亚和尼日尔四个西非城市的土地覆盖变化（LCC）程度，并确定主要景观转变过程（LIP）及其驱动因素。对20世纪60年代的日冕图像和1986年、2000/2001年和2009年的陆地卫星场景的自动分类，采用了一种通用的分类方案。在分类后比较的基础上，总结了过去50年LCC的人口趋势。从1986年到2009年，地图变化被计算出来，以描绘城市及其各自腹地的LIP（城市化、作物扩张、森林砍伐和土地放弃）。探讨可达性和基础设施因素的影响。LIP与道路、地表水和城区的距离有关。从1960年到2009年，四个城市的周边都出现了大规模的城市群，原为天然木本稀树草原的耕地比例增加了35%。在过去的30年里，农田的扩张似乎在很大程度上取决于半干旱的萨赫勒地区城市（卡诺和尼亚美）灌溉用水的供应，而这并不是苏丹地区城市（西卡索和博博-迪乌拉索）的主要驱动因素。鉴于水资源短缺和适合农业的土地可能增加，事前土地使用规划和监测战略将变得越来越重要。(C) 2011 Elsevier B.V.版权所有
Sub-Saharan Africa has experienced substantial urbanisation and land degradation processes over the past three decades. Using multi-source satellite imagery combined with geographical and demographic data, this study's aims were to analyse the extent of land cover changes (LCC) and identifying major landscape transformation processes (LIP) and their drivers for four West African cities in Mali, Burkina-Faso, Nigeria and Niger. A common classification scheme was used for a visual interpretation of Corona images from the 1960s and an automated classification of Landsat scenes from 1986, 2000/2001 and 2009. Based on a postclassification comparison LCC were summarized and related to the demographic trends of the past 50 years. Map changes were calculated from 1986 to 2009 to depict LIP (urbanisation, crop expansion, deforestation, and land abandonment) for the cities and their respective hinterlands. To investigate the effect of accessibility and infrastructural factors. LIP were related to the distance to roads, surface water and urban areas. From 1960 to 2009 a large-scale urban agglomeration was detected and the proportion of cultivated land in former natural woody savannas surrounding all four cities increased by 35%. The expansion of cropland during the past 30 years seemed to depend greatly on the availability of irrigation water in the semi-arid Sahelian cities (Kano and Niamey), whilst this was not a major driving factor for the cities of the Sudanian zone (Sikasso and Bobo-Dioulasso). Given the likely increase in water scarcity and land suitable for agriculture, ex ante land use planning and monitoring strategies will become increasingly important. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.