Genomic structure of the sea lamprey growth hormone-encoding gene
Genomic structure of the sea lamprey growth hormone-encoding gene
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ygcen.2005.09.023
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发表时间：
2006-08-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Kawauchi, Hiroshi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Moriyama, Shunsuke;Oda, Mayumi;Kawauchi, Hiroshi
生长激素(GH)与催乳素、生长激素同属垂体激素家族。在我们以前的研究中，在现存的最古老脊椎动物的代表--海洋七鳃鳗的脑垂体中发现了生长激素及其cDNA，并分离出生长激素刺激肝脏中胰岛素样生长因子的表达。这些证据表明，GH是GH/PRL/SL家族分子进化中的祖先激素，促进生长的内分泌机制是在脊椎动物进化的早期阶段建立的。为了进一步了解GH/PRL/SL基因家族的分子进化，我们报道了利用根据GH/PRL/SL基因编码区设计的特异引物，通过聚合酶链式反应(PCR)克隆的GH基因及其5‘侧翼区的基因组结构。七鳃鳗生长激素基因全长13,604个碱基，是生长激素基因中最大的一个。697bp的5‘-侧翼区包含一个TATA盒、两个Pit-1/GHF-1、三个TrE和一个Cre的共同序列。七鳃鳗生长激素基因由5个外显子和4个内含子组成，与哺乳动物、鸟类和硬骨鱼(如鲤形和银鱼)相同，但有些硬骨鱼如鲑鱼、金枪鱼和四齿鱼，在第5个外显子上有一个额外的内含子。5-外显子类型的基因组织可能反映了GH/PRL/SL基因家族的祖先基因的结构。(C)2005 Elsevier Inc.保留所有权利。
Growth hormone (GH) belongs to a family of pituitary hormones together with prolactin and somatolactin. In our previous study, GH and its cDNA were identified in the pituitary gland of the sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus, an extant representative of the most ancient class of vertebrates, and isolated GH stimulated expression of insulin-like growth factor in the liver. The evidence suggests that GH is the ancestral hormone in the molecular evolution of the GH/PRL/SL family and that the endocrine mechanism for growth stimulation was established at an early stage in the evolution of vertebrates. To further understand the molecular evolution of the GH/PRL/SL gene family, we report the genomic structure of sea lamprey GH including its 5 '-flanking region, being cloned by PCR using specific primers prepared from its cDNA. The sea lamprey GH gene consists of 13,604 bp, making it the largest of all the GH genes. The 5 '-flanking region within 697 bp contains consensus sequences for a TATA box, two Pit-1/GHF-1, three TRE, and a CRE. The sea lamprey GH gene consists of five exons and four introns, the same as in mammals, birds, and teleosts such as cypriniforms and siluriforms with the exception of some teleosts such as salmoniforms, percififorms, and tetradontiforms, in which there is an additional intron in the 5th exon. The 5-exon-type gene organization might reflect the structure of the ancestral gene for the GH/PRL/SL gene family. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.