Downward Neighborhood Poverty Mobility during Childhood Is Associated with Child Asthma: Evidence from the Geographic Research on Wellbeing (GROW) Survey
Downward Neighborhood Poverty Mobility during Childhood Is Associated with Child Asthma: Evidence from the Geographic Research on Wellbeing (GROW) Survey
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DOI：
10.1007/s11524-019-00356-2
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发表时间：
2019-08-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Cubbin, Catherine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cantu, P.;Kim, Y.;Cubbin, Catherine
关于邻里关系对健康影响的因果证据仍然很薄弱。考虑到儿童在决定他们住在哪里方面几乎没有代理权，而且他们在社区中度过的时间比成年人多，他们对社区条件的暴露可能使他们的健康对社区效应特别敏感。在本文中，我们研究了从出生到4-10岁接触贫困社区与儿童哮喘之间的关系。我们使用了2003-2007年加州母婴健康评估（MIHA）和2012-2013年幸福感地理研究（GROW）调查的数据（N = 2619母亲/儿童二对），以适应哮喘的相对风险的儿童谁经历了不同类型的邻里贫困流动性使用泊松回归控制个人水平的人口统计学和社会经济特征，邻里满意度。我们的研究结果表明，[1]在基线和随访时生活在贫困社区以及[2]搬到贫困社区与哮喘的风险较高相关，与任何时候都没有生活在贫困社区的儿童相比。暴露于贫困社区和向下的社区贫困流动性对儿童的健康，特别是哮喘。公共卫生从业人员和政策制定者需要解决邻里经济流动性下降的问题，以及家庭经济流动性下降的问题，以改善儿童的健康。
Causal evidence regarding neighborhood effects on health remains tenuous. Given that children have little agency in deciding where they live and spend proportionally more of their lives in neighborhoods than adults, their exposure to neighborhood conditions could make their health particularly sensitive to neighborhood effects. In this paper, we examine the relationship between exposure to poor neighborhoods from birth to ages 4-10 and childhood asthma. We used data from the 2003-2007 California Maternal Infant and Health Assessment (MIHA) and the 2012-2013 Geographic Research on Wellbeing (GROW) survey (N = 2619 mother/child dyads) to fit relative risks of asthma for children who experience different types of neighborhood poverty mobility using Poisson regression controlling for individual-level demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, and neighborhood satisfaction. Our results demonstrate that [1] living in a poor neighborhood at baseline and follow-up and [2] moving into a poor neighborhood were each associated with higher risk of asthma, compared with children not living in a poor neighborhood at either time. Exposure to impoverished neighborhoods and downward neighborhood poverty mobility matters for children's health, particularly for asthma. Public health practitioners and policymakers need to address downward neighborhood economic mobility, in addition to downward family economic mobility, in order to improve children's health.