THE INFLUENCE OF PRESSURE AND CONDUCTIVITY ON THE PULSED BREAKDOWN OF WATER
THE INFLUENCE OF PRESSURE AND CONDUCTIVITY ON THE PULSED BREAKDOWN OF WATER
复制标题
DOI：
10.1109/94.368641
复制
发表时间：
1994-12-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
KUNHARDT, EE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
JONES, HM;KUNHARDT, EE
本文研究了静水压力和液体电导率对亚微秒级高幅值电场作用下水溶液介电击穿的影响。明确的脉冲（80 kV，3 ns上升时间，100 ns持续时间）已施加到间隙（0.4至2.1 mm），Rogowski轮廓电极之间（从而确保均匀的电场），含有去离子水（非蒸馏、蒸馏和超声处理），氯化钠溶液（0.001至1.0摩尔）或硫酸镁溶液（0.01至0.1摩尔）。在这些液体中的击穿已被研究在压力从大气压高达40 MPa。测量了电极间电位和电流响应，表明击穿时间滞后、击穿电压和击穿过程的时间特性。击穿时间滞后随压力的增加而增加，且对液体电导率不敏感。这些发现与正在进行的关于液体介质击穿的“热”与“电子”机制的讨论有关。特别是，结果表明，击穿演变通过“气泡”的形成由场发射电流附近的阴极上的凹凸不平，并在液体电导率的变化作为击穿的结果的时间是有限的过程以外的电离增长（由于电子碰撞电离的分子在“气泡”）的prebreakdown电子电流。
The influence of hydrostatic pressure and liquid conductivity the dielectric breakdown of water solutions subjected to high amplitude electric fields of sub-microsecond duration has been investigated. Well-defined pulses (80 kV, 3 ns risetime, 100 ns duration) have been applied to a gap (0.4 to 2.1 mm), between Rogowski profile electrodes (thus ensuring a uniform electric field), containing de-ionized water (non-distilled, and distilled and ultrasonically treated), sodium chloride solutions (0.001 to 1.0 molar), or magnesium sulfate solutions (0.01 to 0.1 molar). Breakdown in these liquids has been studied at pressures from atmospheric up to 40 MPa. The inter-electrode potential and the current response were measured indicating the time lag to breakdown, breakdown voltage, and temporal characteristics of the breakdown process. The breakdown time lag increases with increasing pressure, and is insensitive to the liquid conductivity. These findings have relevance to the ongoing discussion concerning 'thermal' vs. 'electronic' mechanisms for dielectric breakdown in Liquids. In particular, the results suggest that breakdown evolves via 'bubble' formation by field emitted currents near asperities on the cathode, and that the time for the change in liquid conductivity as a result of breakdown is limited by processes other than ionization growth (due to electron impact ionization of molecules in the 'bubble') of prebreakdown electron currents.