The Colletotrichum orbiculare ssd1 Mutant Enhances Nicotiana benthamiana Basal Resistance by Activating a Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway
The Colletotrichum orbiculare ssd1 Mutant Enhances Nicotiana benthamiana Basal Resistance by Activating a Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway
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DOI：
10.1105/tpc.109.068023
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发表时间：
2009-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
11.6
通讯作者：
Kubo, Yasuyuki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tanaka, Shigeyuki;Ishihama, Nobuaki;Kubo, Yasuyuki
植物的基础抗性是由感病寄主植物中的毒性病原体激活的。一个圆形炭疽菌真菌突变体缺陷的SSD1基因，调节细胞壁的组成，是由主机的基础阻力反应的限制。在这里，我们通过沉默限制本氏烟草生长所需的防御相关基因，确定了本氏烟草基础抗性的信号通路。圆形突变体。只有沉默的MAP激酶激酶2或水杨酸诱导的蛋白激酶（SIPK）和创伤诱导的蛋白激酶（WIPK），两个有丝分裂原活化蛋白（MAP）激酶，允许突变体感染，并产生类似于野生型接种叶片的坏死病变。真菌突变体穿透宿主细胞产生感染菌丝在SIPK WIPK沉默的植物比在nonsilenced植物，在更高的频率，而不诱导宿主细胞的防御反应。免疫复合物激酶测定表明，SIPK和WIPK是更活跃的叶片接种突变体真菌比野生型，这表明诱导的抗性与MAP激酶活性。热灭活突变分生孢子的浸润诱导SIPK和WIPK更强烈的比野生型，而野生型分生孢子分泌物不抑制MAP激酶诱导突变分生孢子。因此，真菌细胞表面组分对特定MAP激酶途径的激活决定了植物基础抗性的有效水平。
Plant basal resistance is activated by virulent pathogens in susceptible host plants. A Colletotrichum orbiculare fungal mutant defective in the SSD1 gene, which regulates cell wall composition, is restricted by host basal resistance responses. Here, we identified the Nicotiana benthamiana signaling pathway involved in basal resistance by silencing the defense-related genes required for restricting the growth of the C. orbiculare mutant. Only silencing of MAP Kinase Kinase2 or of both Salicylic Acid Induced Protein Kinase (SIPK) and Wound Induced Protein Kinase (WIPK), two mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases, allowed the mutant to infect and produce necrotic lesions similar to those of the wild type on inoculated leaves. The fungal mutant penetrated host cells to produce infection hyphae at a higher frequency in SIPK WIPK-silenced plants than in nonsilenced plants, without inducing host cellular defense responses. Immunocomplex kinase assays revealed that SIPK and WIPK were more active in leaves inoculated with mutant fungus than with the wild type, suggesting that induced resistance correlates with MAP kinase activity. Infiltration of heat-inactivated mutant conidia induced both SIPK and WIPK more strongly than did those of the wild type, while conidial exudates of the wild type did not suppress MAP kinase induction by mutant conidia. Therefore, activation of a specific MAP kinase pathway by fungal cell surface components determines the effective level of basal plant resistance.