A catastrophic tropical drought kills hydraulically vulnerable tree species
A catastrophic tropical drought kills hydraulically vulnerable tree species
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DOI：
10.1111/gcb.15037
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发表时间：
2020-02
影响因子：
11.6
通讯作者：
J. Powers;German Vargas-G;T. Brodribb;N. Schwartz;Daniel Pérez‐Aviles;Chris M. Smith‐Martin;J. Becknell;F. Aureli;R. Blanco;Erick Calderón-Morales;J. Calvo-Alvarado;A. Calvo-Obando;María Marta Chavarría;Dorian Carvajal-Vanegas;César Dionisio Jiménez-Rodríguez;Evin Murillo Chacon;C. Schaffner;Leland K. Werden;Xiangtao Xu;D. Medvigy
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文献类型：
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作者：
J. Powers;German Vargas-G;T. Brodribb;N. Schwartz;Daniel Pérez‐Aviles;Chris M. Smith‐Martin;J. Becknell;F. Aureli;R. Blanco;Erick Calderón-Morales;J. Calvo-Alvarado;A. Calvo-Obando;María Marta Chavarría;Dorian Carvajal-Vanegas;César Dionisio Jiménez-Rodríguez;Evin Murillo Chacon;C. Schaffner;Leland K. Werden;Xiangtao Xu;D. Medvigy
与干旱相关的树木死亡现在是一种普遍现象，预计随着气候变化，其幅度会增加。然而，哪些物种和树木最容易受到干旱的影响，以及潜在的机制仍然是难以捉摸的，部分原因是缺乏相关数据和难以提前几年预测灾难性干旱的位置。我们使用长期的人口统计记录和广泛的功能特征和分布模式数据库来了解20-53种物种对2015年厄尔Niño南方涛动事件期间哥斯达黎加季节性干燥热带森林极端干旱的反应。总体而言，干旱期间的物种特异性死亡率从0%到34%不等，并且随着树木大小的变化变化不大。相比之下，水力安全边际与物种间的死亡率相关良好，而形态或叶经济学谱特征则不相关。这坚定地表明水力特性是未来研究的目标。
Drought‐related tree mortality is now a widespread phenomenon predicted to increase in magnitude with climate change. However, the patterns of which species and trees are most vulnerable to drought, and the underlying mechanisms have remained elusive, in part due to the lack of relevant data and difficulty of predicting the location of catastrophic drought years in advance. We used long‐term demographic records and extensive databases of functional traits and distribution patterns to understand the responses of 20–53 species to an extreme drought in a seasonally dry tropical forest in Costa Rica, which occurred during the 2015 El Niño Southern Oscillation event. Overall, species‐specific mortality rates during the drought ranged from 0% to 34%, and varied little as a function of tree size. By contrast, hydraulic safety margins correlated well with probability of mortality among species, while morphological or leaf economics spectrum traits did not. This firmly suggests hydraulic traits as targets for future research.