US news media coverage of tobacco control issues.
US news media coverage of tobacco control issues.
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美国新闻媒体对烟草控制问题的报道。
DOI：
10.1136/tc.2005.014456
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Lysengen,Lindsay
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Long,Marilee;Slater,MichaelD;Lysengen,Lindsay
目的：描述2002年和2003年美国日报、地方和国家电视新闻广播以及国家新闻杂志对烟草控制问题报道的相对数量和类型。设计：日报、新闻杂志和电视新闻广播的内容分析。主题：2002年和2003年，每日报纸、地方和国家电视新闻广播以及三份国家新闻杂志中有关烟草的内容。全国代表性样本，包含56天的新闻，按一周中的天数和一年中的季节分层。主要结果指标：故事主题、烟草主题、来源、故事突出度、故事效价（方向）和故事类型。结果：根据我们的样本估计，两年期间烟草覆盖率不高。在两年的抽样期间，只发现了21个电视故事，17个新闻杂志故事和335个日报故事。报纸数据集的显著结果包括：（1）政府主题占报道的主导地位;（2）政府行动和负面健康影响主题倾向于不在报道中同时出现;（3）烟草故事在报纸上相当突出;（4）舆论新闻倾向于支持烟草控制政策，而新闻和专题报道在正面和负面故事之间平分秋色;和（5）在东南部，这是该国的主要烟草生产区，烟草覆盖率没有显着差异，从其他国家。结论：结果表明，在美国的烟草控制工作的新闻报道的混合支持。烟草新闻报道的数量不多令人不安，特别是因为电视上的新闻报道太少，而电视对美国人来说是比报纸更重要的新闻来源。当烟草被报道时，政府主题的故事通常不包括对健康的负面影响，这表明媒体报道并没有加强烟草控制工作的理由。然而，一些结果令人鼓舞。例如，当报纸确实报道烟草时，它们给予这些报道相对较高的突出性，从而增加了读者在出版时看到烟草报道的机会。
Objective:To characterise the relative amount and type of daily newspaper, local and national TV newscast, and national news magazine coverage of tobacco control issues in the United States in 2002 and 2003.Design:Content analysis of daily newspapers, news magazines, and TV newscasts.Subjects:Items about tobacco in daily newspapers, local and national TV newscasts, and three national news magazines in a nationally representative sample of 56 days of news stratified by day of week and season of the year, from 2002 and 2003.Main outcome measures:Story theme, tobacco topics, sources, story prominence, story valence (orientation), and story type.Results:Tobacco coverage was modest over the two-year period as estimated in our sample. Only 21 TV stories, 17 news magazine stories, and 335 daily newspaper stories were found during the two-year sampling period. Noteworthy results for the newspaper data set include the following: (1) government topics predominated coverage; (2) government action and negative health effects topics tended not to occur together in stories; (3) tobacco stories were fairly prominently placed in newspapers; (4) opinion news items tended to favour tobacco control policies, while news and feature stories were evenly split between positive and negative stories; and (5) tobacco coverage in the southeast, which is the country’s major tobacco producing region, did not differ from the rest of the country.Conclusion:Results suggest mixed support in news coverage for tobacco control efforts in the United States. The modest amount of news coverage of tobacco is troubling, particularly because so few news stories were found on TV, which is a more important news source for Americans than newspapers. When tobacco was covered, government themed stories, which often did not include mentions of negative health effects, were typical, suggesting that media coverage does not reinforce the reason for tobacco control efforts. However, some results were encouraging. For example, when newspapers did cover tobacco, they accorded the stories relatively high prominence, thus increasing the chance that readers would see tobacco stories when they were published.