Low-energy-density diets are associated with high diet quality in adults in the United States
Low-energy-density diets are associated with high diet quality in adults in the United States
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jada.2006.05.013
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发表时间：
2006-08-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Rolls, Barbara J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ledikwe, Jenny H.;Blanck, Heidi M.;Rolls, Barbara J.
目的调查不同能量密度饮食的人群对食物的选择，探讨能量密度与饮食质量的关系。设计具有全国代表性的横断面调查方法，对1994-1996年连续调查的7500名19岁以上成年人的食物摄入量进行统计分析。受试者被分类为食用低能量密度饮食、中等能量密度饮食或使用四分位数截止值的高能量密度饮食。结果与高能量密度饮食的参与者相比，低能量密度饮食的参与者的能量摄入量较低，但按体重计算，他们摄入的食物更多。低能量密度的饮食包括相对较高比例的高微量营养素和水以及低脂肪的食物，如水果和蔬菜。低能量密度饮食的受试者较少摄入(非水)饮料，如高热量碳酸饮料。他们摄入的脂肪也更少，对几种重要的微量营养素，包括维生素A、C和B-6，叶酸、铁、钙和钾的摄入量更高。结论这些分析进一步证明了低能量密度饮食的有益效果，与高能量密度饮食相比，低能量密度饮食具有更低的能量摄入量、更高的食物摄入量和更高的饮食质量。为了实现低能量密度饮食，应鼓励个人食用各种水果和蔬菜以及低脂/减脂、营养密集和/或富含水分的谷物、乳制品和肉类/肉类替代品。
Objective This study investigated food choices made by individuals consuming diets differing in energy density and explores relationships between energy density and diet quality.Design Cross-sectional, nationally representative survey.Subjects 7,500 adults (older than 19 years) in the 1994-1996 Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals.Statistical analysis Energy density values were calculated from reported food intake. Subjects were classified as consuming a low-energy-density-diet, medium-energy-density diet, or high-energy-density diet using tertile cutoffs. For each group, the percentage consuming various foods/beverages and the mean amount of foods/beverages they consumed was determined along,with mean nutrient intakes.Results Compared with participants consuming a high-energy-density diet, those with a low-energy-density diet had a lower energy intake but consumed more food, by weight, from most food groups. A low-energy-density diet included a relatively high proportion of foods high in micronutrients and water and low in fat, such as fruits and vegetables. Subjects with a low-energy-density diet consumed fewer (nonwater) beverages such as caloric carbonated beverages. They also consumed less fat and had higher intakes of several important micronutrients, including vitamins A, C, and B-6, folate, iron, calcium, and potassium.Conclusions These analyses further demonstrate the beneficial effects of a low-energy-density diet, which was associated with lower energy intakes, higher food intakes, and higher diet quality than a high-energy-density diet. To achieve a low-energy-density diet, individuals should be encouraged to eat a variety of fruits and vegetables as well as low-fat/reduced-fat, nutrient-dense, and/or water-rich grains, dairy products, and meats/meat alternatives.