Toward a Typology of University Spin-offs
Toward a Typology of University Spin-offs
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大学衍生品的类型学
DOI：
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发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Frédéric Nlemvo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fabrice Pirnay;B. Surlemont;Frédéric Nlemvo
本文件讨论了普遍服务义务的现有定义，以便使它们协调一致，并为分类和理解这一多头概念的不同方面提供标准。因此，本文的两个主要目标是划定这一概念的界限，并通过类型学阐明其多样性。普遍服务义务的定义是为商业利用大学内开发的某些知识、技术或研究成果而创建的新公司。拟议的分类法基于两个关键的歧视性因素，即（1）参与新企业创业过程的个人的地位（研究人员或学生）和（2）从大学转移到新企业的知识的性质（成文或默示），从而导致普遍服务义务活动的性质（面向产品或服务）。
This paper discusses existing definitions of USOs in order to reconcile them and to provide criteria for classifying and understanding the different facets of this multi-headed concept. Drawing the boundaries of this concept and elucidating its variety through a typology are therefore the two main objectives of this paper. USOs are defined as new firms created to exploit commercially some knowledge, technology or research results developed within a university. The proposed typology is based on two key discriminatory factors, namely (1) the status of individuals involved in the new business venturing process (researchers or students) and (2) the nature of knowledge transferred from university to the new venture (codified or tacit), inducing the nature of the USO activities (product or service-oriented).