Diatoms as Endosymbionts
Diatoms as Endosymbionts
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硅藻作为内共生体
DOI：
10.1007/978-94-007-1327-7_20
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
John J. Lee
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
John J. Lee
硅藻或其质体是四种不同有孔虫科的共生体。有证据表明，这些家族的进化是由它们的共生关系驱动的。所有的宿主都比它们的祖先大很多倍，具有复杂的亚区室化，并且具有多个细胞核和内部细胞器（例如，高尔基体，线粒体）。硅藻共生体和被捕获的质体具有光合作用活性。共生硅藻在其表面上具有104 kDa的糖蛋白表位，其被宿主的网状足上的受体识别。只有不到24种硅藻与这种现象有关。它们都很小（≤10 μm），最常见的是共生锥菱形藻（Nitzschia frustulumvar.symbioticis）。该种沿着分布于Nitzschia，N. laevis Hustedt和N. Panduriformisvar.continuaGrunow in Cleve and格鲁诺，Nanofrustulum shiloi（Lee，Reimer，and McEnery），Amphora roettgerii Lee and Reimer，Amphora erezii Reimer and Lee，从超过75%的群丛中分离到。一些硅藻物种具有不寻常的大小再生机制。宿主匀浆实验表明，存在导致共生硅藻不形成硅藻壳并释放其光合产物的信号。的holobiont和每个共生体的好处进行了讨论。
Diatoms, or their plastids, are symbionts of four different families of foraminifera. Evidence suggests that the evolution of these families was driven by their symbiotic relationships. All hosts are many times larger than their ancestors, have complex subcompartmentalization, and have multiple nuclei and internal organelles (e.g., Golgi, mitochondria). The diatom symbionts and the captured plastids are photosynthetically active. Symbiotic diatoms have a 104 kDa glycoprotein epitope on their surfaces that is recognized by receptors on the host’s reticulopodia. Less than two dozen species of diatoms are involved in the phenomenon. All are small (≤10 μm).Nitzschia frustulumvar.symbioticais the most common species. This species along with two other species ofNitzschia,N. laevisHustedt andN. panduriformisvar.continuaGrunow in Cleve and Grunow,Nanofrustulum shiloi(Lee, Reimer, and McEnery),Amphora roettgeriiLee and Reimer, andAmphora ereziiReimer and Lee, were isolated from over 75% of the associations. Several diatom species have unusual mechanisms for size regeneration. Host homogenate experiments suggest that there are signals that cause the symbiotic diatoms not to form frustules and to release their photosynthetates. Benefits to the holobiont and to each symbiont are discussed.