Managing air quality in a rapidly developing nation: China
Managing air quality in a rapidly developing nation: China
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DOI：
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.09.064
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Yao, Xiaohong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fang, Ming;Chan, Chak K.;Yao, Xiaohong
随着世界准备开始21世纪世纪的第二个十年，全球气候变化已被公认为对我们所知的文明的真实的威胁。发展中国家，特别是中国和印度，经济的快速和成功增长正在促成气候变化。中国最初的经济成功之路是通过发展工业来实现的。不幸的是，中国的环境保护工作与发达国家不一样，因为中国在文化、社会、经济，特别是政治上与发达国家有很大的不同。中国在20世纪70年代末开始处理环境问题时，借鉴了其他国家在制定环境标准和法规方面的经验，但由于上述差异，在执行这些标准和法规时没有可遵循的模式。在经济上，中国正在从农业基地向工业基地过渡：然而，即使是现在，60%的人口仍然是农民。中国过去和现在仍然严重依赖煤炭作为能源，导致严重的大气颗粒物污染。中国在环境保护方面的努力越来越多，但在经济发展的这个关键时刻，中国应该重新审视传统的“先发展、后治理”的做法，在发展与保护环境之间找到平衡。在此背景下，本文回顾了中国1949-2008年（重点是过去30年）的空气质量管理工作。以2008年奥运会的环境影响为例，阐述了中国目前为改善空气质量所采取的措施。(C)2008年爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有战斗。
As the world gets ready to begin the second decade of the twenty-first century, global climate change has been recognized as a real threat to civilization as we know it. The rapid and successful economic growth of developing nations, Particularly China and India, is contributing to climate change. The route to initial economic Success in China followed that of the developed nations through the development of industries. Unfortunately, China's environmental protection efforts have not been the same as in developed countries because China is vastly different Culturally, socially, economically and, especially, politically from developed nations. When China started to deal with environmental concerns in the late 1970s, it took advantage of the experiences of other countries in establishing environmental standards and regulations, but it did not have a model to follow when it came to implementing these standards and regulations because of the abovementioned differences. Economically, China is transitioning from an agricultural base into an industrial base: however, even now, 60% of the population remains farmers. China has been and still is heavily dependent upon coal for energy, resulting in serious atmospheric particulate pollution. While growing efforts have been expended on the environment, at this juncture of its economic development, China would be well served to revisit the traditional "develop first and clean up later" approach and to find a balance between development and protecting the environment. Against this backdrop, a reflective look of the effort to manage air quality from 1949-2008 (with an emphasis on the past 30 years) in China is presented in this paper. The environmental component of the 2008 Olympic Games is examined as a special example to illustrate the Current measures being used to improve air quality in China. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All Fights reserved.