Should phytoplankton be a key consideration for marine management?

Should phytoplankton be a key consideration for marine management?
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浮游植物应该成为海洋管理的关键考虑因素吗?

DOI:
10.1016/j.marpol.2018.08.026
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发表时间:
2018
期刊:
影响因子:
3.8
通讯作者:
Tweddle J
Tweddle J
中科院分区:
法学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Tweddle J

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浮游植物是生态系统功能和气候调节的极其重要的组成部分。由于浮游植物的浓度在空间和时间上都高度不均匀,因此建议在海洋管理过程中应更多地考虑人类发展和活动对浮游植物提供的服务的潜在影响。初级生产者的多种物种提供重要的供给和调节生态系统服务(ES),并形成海洋食物网的基础,支持更高营养级的生产(供给ES),并充当二氧化碳汇(气候调节ES)。浮游植物生产中的空间和时间不均匀性可能与这些 ES 的提供不均匀性有关。在评估环境状况的过程中、在海洋空间规划(包括海洋保护区)和部门许可范围内,应考虑浮游植物自然生产力高的斑块,海洋规划和许可的规模与浮游植物异质性的规模(米至数十公里)最一致。在这项研究中,对海洋管理决策中浮游植物的考虑进行了回顾。本文建议将海洋开发和活动对浮游植物群落自然斑块的潜在影响纳入管理审议,并考虑缓解措施。这为研究人员提供了与管理当局合作以支持基于生态系统的管理的机会。这样做将有助于维持或实现良好的环境状况,并进一步支持可持续发展。
Phytoplankton are an extremely important component of the functioning of ecosystems and climate regulation. Because concentrations of phytoplankton are highly patchy in both space and time, it is proposed that more consideration concerning the potential impact from human developments and activities on the service provision afforded by phytoplankton should be accounted for in marine management processes. The multiple species of primary producers provide important provisioning and regulating ecosystem services (ES) and form the basis of marine food-webs, supporting production of higher trophic levels (a provisioning ES), and act as a sink of CO2(a climate regulation ES). Spatial and temporal patchiness in the production of phytoplankton can be related to patchiness in the provision of these ES. Patches of naturally high phytoplankton productivity should be afforded consideration within processes to assess environmental status, within marine spatial planning (including marine protected areas) and within sectoral licensing, with marine planning and licensing acting at scales most in harmony with scales of phytoplankton heterogeneity (meters to tens of kilometres). In this study, consideration of phytoplankton in marine management decision making has been reviewed. This paper suggests that potential impacts of maritime developments and activities on the natural patchiness of phytoplankton communities be included in management deliberations, and mitigation be considered. This affords opportunities for researchers to engage with management authorities to support ecosystems-based management. Doing so will assist in maintaining or achieving good environmental status and support further, reliant, ES.
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