Spatial release from masking of aerial tones in pinnipeds.
Spatial release from masking of aerial tones in pinnipeds.
复制标题
鳍足类空中音调掩蔽的空间释放。
DOI：
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复制
发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
R. Schusterman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Marla M. Holt;R. Schusterman
在大多数掩蔽实验中，目标信号和要掩蔽的声音位于同一位置。当信号和掩蔽物在空间上分离时，发生掩蔽的空间释放（SRM），导致相对于当它们在空间上共同定位时的检测改善。在这项研究中，SRM进行了调查，在港海豹，谁自然缺乏pinterus，和加州海狮，谁拥有减少pinterus。受试者必须在以音调频率为中心的白色噪声的倍频程带存在下检测1、8和16 kHz的空中音调。当掩蔽音出现在受试者前方（0度）时，音调出现在水平面的0、45或90度处。还在这些角度测量未掩蔽阈值，以确定基于源方位角的灵敏度差异。相比，当信号和掩蔽的地方共处，掩蔽阈值分别降低高达19和12分贝的港海豹和海狮，分别时，信号和掩蔽分离。斑海豹的掩蔽阈值差异大于先前在水下测量的阈值差异。性能与陆生动物收集的一些测量结果一致，但在最高频率下受试者之间的差异可能反映了耳廓解剖结构的变化。
In most masking experiments, target signals and sound intended to mask are located in the same position. Spatial release from masking (SRM) occurs when signals and maskers are spatially separated, resulting in detection improvement relative to when they are spatially co-located. In this study, SRM was investigated in a harbor seal, who naturally lacks pinnae, and California sea lion, who possesses reduced pinnae. Subjects had to detect aerial tones at 1, 8, and 16 kHz in the presence of octave bands of white noise centered at the tone frequency. While the masker occurred in front of the subject (0 degree), the tone occurred at 0, 45, or 90 degrees in the horizontal plane. Unmasked thresholds were also measured at these angles to determine sensitivity differences based on source azimuth. Compared to when signal and masker where co-located, masked thresholds were lower by as much as 19 and 12 dB in the harbor seal and sea lion, respectively, when signal and masker were separated. Masked threshold differences of the harbor seal were larger than those previously measured under water. Performance was consistent with some measurements collected on terrestrial animals but differences between subjects at the highest frequency likely reflect variations in pinna anatomy.