Characterization of the skin fungal microbiota in patients with atopic dermatitis and in healthy subjects
Characterization of the skin fungal microbiota in patients with atopic dermatitis and in healthy subjects
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1348-0421.2011.00364.x
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发表时间：
2011-09-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Sugita, Takashi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang, Enshi;Tanaka, Takafumi;Sugita, Takashi
特应性皮炎(AD)患者非常容易受到病毒、细菌和真菌的皮肤感染，因为他们的皮肤是干燥的，这损害了皮肤的屏障功能。因此，AD患者的皮肤微生物区系被认为与健康人不同。在本研究中，使用rRNA克隆文库比较了9名轻、中、重度AD患者和10名健康受试者的皮肤真菌微生物区系。通过对3647个克隆的真菌D_1/D_2大亚基分析，从AD患者和健康人的面部鳞片样本中鉴定出58个种和7个未知的系统类型。优势种为马拉色菌，占所有无性系的63%~86%。总体而言，患者的非马拉色菌酵母菌菌群比健康人更多样化。在AD样本中，每例检出13.0+/-3.0种，而健康人的样本中，每例检出8.0+/-1.9种。值得注意的是，在AD患者的样本中检测到白色念珠菌、分枝隐球菌和液化隐球菌。丝状真菌微生物区系中，枝孢霉属(Cladosporium spp.)刺激性弓状枝孢菌是患者的优势菌种。在健康人的皮肤上发现了许多致病真菌，包括格氏假丝酵母菌(变形名，Candida guliermondii)和阿萨希丝状丝孢子菌(Trichosporon Asahii)，以及互隔交链孢霉(Alternaria Ternata)和出芽短梗霉(Aureobasidium Pullulans)等致敏微生物。通过主坐标法将轻、中、重度AD患者和健康人的真菌微生物区系聚在一起，发现它们根据健康状况而聚在一起。
Patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) are highly susceptible to viral, bacterial, and fungal skin infections because their skin is dry and this compromises the barrier function of the skin. Therefore, the skin microbiota of patients with AD is believed to be different from that of healthy individuals. In the present study, the skin fungal microbiota of nine patients with mild, moderate, or severe AD and ten healthy subjects were compared using an rRNA clone library. Fungal D1/D2 large subunit analysis of 3647 clones identified 58 species and seven unknown phylotypes in face scale samples from patients with AD and healthy subjects. Malassezia species were predominant, accounting for 63%-86% of the clones identified from each subject. Overall, the non-Malassezia yeast microbiota of the patients was more diverse than that of the healthy individuals. In the AD samples 13.0 +/- 3.0 species per case were detected, as compared to 8.0 +/- 1.9 species per case in the samples taken from healthy individuals. Notably, Candida albicans, Cryptococcus diffluens, and Cryptococcus liquefaciens were detected in the samples from the patients with AD. Of the filamentous fungal microbiota, Cladosporium spp. and Toxicocladosporium irritans were the predominant species in these patients. Many pathogenic fungi, including Meyerozyma guilliermondii (anamorphic name, Candida guilliermondii), and Trichosporon asahii, and allergenic microorganisms such as Alternaria alternata and Aureobasidium pullulans were found on the skin of the healthy subjects. When the fungal microbiota of the samples from patients with mild/moderate to severe AD and healthy individuals were clustered together by principal coordinates analysis they were found to be clustered according to health status.