The germinal center response.
The germinal center response.
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DOI：
10.1615/critrevimmunol.v24.i1.20
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发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
K. Wolniak;Stephen M. Shinall;T. Waldschmidt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Wolniak;Stephen M. Shinall;T. Waldschmidt
生发中心反应是T细胞依赖性体液反应的基础。被招募到生发中心的抗原特异性B细胞经历了一个复杂的细胞程序，允许广泛的扩增、同型转换、体细胞超突变以及分化为抗体形成细胞和记忆细胞。重要的是，生发中心环境过滤了分化B细胞的全套系统，以便优先选择高亲和力变体，而通过凋亡消除低亲和力或自我反应克隆。本文综述了许多调控生发中心B细胞分化的过程，以及启动和维持生发中心反应所必需的细胞和分子成分。文中还讨论了生发中心的主要组织学特征，以及目前人类和小鼠生发中心反应的主要模型。最后，在多参数流式细胞仪生发中心B细胞动力学分析的基础上，描述了一种新的小鼠B细胞分化模型。
The germinal center reaction is the foundation of T-cell-dependent humoral responses. Antigen-specific B cells recruited into germinal centers undergo a complex cellular program that allows for extensive expansion, isotype switching, somatic hypermutation, and differentiation into antibody-forming cells and memory cells. Importantly, the germinal center environment filters the repertoire of differentiating B cells such that high affinity variants are preferentially selected while low affinity or self-reactive clones are eliminated by apoptosis. The present article reviews the many processes that govern germinal center B-cell differentiation, as well as the cellular and molecular elements necessary to initiate and sustain a germinal center response. The major histologic features of the germinal center are also discussed, as well as the current dominant models of the germinal center reaction in humans and mice. Finally, a new model of murine B-cell differentiation is described on the basis of a multiparameter flow cytometric kinetic analysis of germinal center B cells.