Dietary clay in the chemoprevention of aflatoxin-induced disease
Dietary clay in the chemoprevention of aflatoxin-induced disease
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DOI：
10.1093/toxsci/52.2.118
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发表时间：
1999-12-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Phillips, TD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Phillips, TD
黄曲霉毒素是霉菌生长的有害副产品，虽然肉眼看不见，但可能致命。黄曲霉毒素问题由来已久，无法解决。对黄曲霉毒素的担忧源于它们与人类和动物疾病和死亡的强烈影响，但科学家和临床医生仍在寻找有效处理这些危险和难以捉摸的化学物质的方法。安全、实用、有效的黄曲霉毒素污染食品和饲料的解毒策略是非常需要的。一种简单有效的化学预防黄曲霉毒素中毒的方法是通过在饮食中加入HSCAS粘土来减少或阻断黄曲霉毒素的暴露。HSCAS粘土充当黄曲霉毒素肠吸附剂，其在动物胃肠道中紧密且选择性地结合这些毒物，降低其生物利用度和相关毒性。描绘作用的分子机制的进一步研究已经表明黄曲霉毒素的二羰基系统对于HSCAS的紧密结合是必需的。在这些研究中，吸附数据拟合多个等温方程，包括朗缪尔，多朗缪尔，一般弗罗因德利希，朗缪尔-弗罗因德利希，托特和各种转换。得出的信息包括：吉布斯标准吸附自由能变化、吸附焓、容量、亲和力和非均质系数。计算机建模也被用来提供额外的结构信息和深入了解的机制。有证据表明，黄曲霉毒素可能在HSCAS颗粒上的多个位点反应，特别是层间区域，但也在边缘和基底表面。由于粘土和沸石矿物质包括功能多样的化学物质的大家庭，可能有显着的隐藏的风险与他们不加区别地纳入饮食，所有黄曲霉毒素结合剂应严格测试，特别注意其有效性和安全性在黄曲霉毒素敏感的动物和他们的潜在相互作用与关键营养素。
Aflatoxins are harmful by-products of mold growth and, though invisible to the naked eye, are potentially fatal. The aflatoxin problem is long-standing and inextricable. Concerns about the aflatoxins originate from the strong implications of their involvement in disease and death in humans and animals, yet scientists and clinicians are still seeking ways to effectively deal with these dangerous and elusive chemicals. Safe, practical, and effective strategies for the detoxification of aflatoxin-contaminated food and feed are highly desirable. A simple and effective approach to the chemoprevention of aflatoxicosis has been to diminish or block exposure to aflatoxins via the inclusion of HSCAS clay in the diet. HSCAS clay acts as an a aflatoxin enterosorbent that tightly and selectively binds these poisons in the gastrointestinal tract of animals, decreasing their bioavailability and associated toxicities, Further studies to delineate the molecular mechanisms of action have shown that the dicarbonyl system of aflatoxin is essential for tight binding by HSCAS. In these studies, adsorption data was fitted to multiple isotherm equations including the Langmuir, multi-langmuir, general Freundlich, Langmuir-Freundlich, Toth and various transforms. Information derived included: the Gibbs standard free energy change of adsorption, enthalpy of adsorption, capacity, affinity, and heterogeneity coefficient. Computer modeling was also utilized to provide additional structural information and insight into the mechanism. Evidence suggests that aflatoxins may react at multiple sites on HSCAS particles, especially the interlayer region, but also at edges and basal surfaces. Since clay and zeolitic minerals comprise a broad family of functionally diverse chemicals, there may be significant hidden risks associated with their indiscriminate inclusion in the diet, All aflatoxin binding agents should be rigorously tested, paying particular attention to their effectiveness and safety in aflatoxin-sensitive animals and their potential for interactions with critical nutrients.