Development and juvenile anatomy of the nemertodermatid Meara stichopi (Bock) Westblad 1949 (Acoelomorpha).
Development and juvenile anatomy of the nemertodermatid Meara stichopi (Bock) Westblad 1949 (Acoelomorpha).
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DOI：
10.1186/1742-9994-11-50
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Hejnol A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Børve A;Hejnol A
线形动物门 (Nemertodermatida) 是无腔动物门 (Acoela) 的姊妹类群，它们一起形成无腔动物门 (Acoelomorpha)，这是一种由两侧对称的小型水生蠕虫组成的分类单元。虽然对无腔动物的胚胎学有多种描述，但对线皮动物发育的描述却很少。为了能够重建无腔动物的地面图案，获得有关几种线皮动物物种发育的更多信息至关重要。在这里，我们使用光和荧光显微镜方法描述了线皮动物 Meara stichopi 的发育。我们在几个季节收集了Meara sticopi，并重建了依赖于海参Parastichopus tremulus 的复杂的年度繁殖周期。使用常见的肌肉组织荧光标记（BODIPY FL-鬼笔酸）和神经元（FMRFamide、血清素、酪氨酸微管蛋白抗体）和实时成像技术，我们跟踪胚胎发生，大约需要 9-10 周。直到 16 细胞阶段，裂解模式都是固定的。环状和纵向肌肉组织在第 6 周开始发育，随后形成基底表皮神经系统。幼鱼孵化时不张嘴，有一个带有两个背侧神经突束和前部凝结的基底表皮神经网。 Meara stichopi 的发育与 Acoela 的发育不同，因为它没有那么刻板，并且不遵循典型的 acoel 二重乳裂程序。在发育后期，Meara stichopi 在肌肉和神经系统形成过程中不会表现出颞部从前到后的梯度。
Nemertodermatida is the sister group of the Acoela, which together form the Acoelomorpha, a taxon that comprises bilaterally symmetric, small aquatic worms. While there are several descriptions of the embryology of acoel species, descriptions of nemertodermatid development are scarce. To be able to reconstruct the ground pattern of the Acoelomorpha it is crucial to gain more information about the development of several nemertodermatid species. Here we describe the development of the nemertodermatid Meara stichopi using light and fluorescent microscopic methods. We have collected Meara stichopi during several seasons and reconstruct the complex annual reproductive cycle dependent on the sea cucumber Parastichopus tremulus. Using common fluorescent markers for musculature (BODIPY FL-phallacidin) and neurons (antibodies against FMRFamide, serotonin, tyrosinated-tubulin) and live imaging techniques, we followed embryogenesis which takes approximately 9–10 weeks. The cleavage pattern is stereotypic up to the 16-cell stage. Ring- and longitudinal musculature start to develop during week 6, followed by the formation of the basiepidermal nervous system. The juvenile is hatching without mouth opening and has a basiepidermal nerve net with two dorsal neurite bundles and an anterior condensation. The development of Meara stichopi differs from the development of Acoela in that it is less stereotypic and does not follow the typical acoel duet cleavage program. During late development Meara stichopi does not show a temporal anterior to posterior gradient during muscle and nervous system formation.
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影响因子：
2
作者：
Raikova, OI;Reuter, M;Jondelius, U
通讯作者：
Jondelius, U
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
EHLERS, U
通讯作者：
EHLERS, U
影响因子：
1
作者：
Jondelius, U;Larsson, K;Raikova, O
通讯作者：
Raikova, O
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Egger B;Steinke D;Tarui H;De Mulder K;Arendt D;Borgonie G;Funayama N;Gschwentner R;Hartenstein V;Hobmayer B;Hooge M;Hrouda M;Ishida S;Kobayashi C;Kuales G;Nishimura O;Pfister D;Rieger R;Salvenmoser W;Smith J;Technau U;Tyler S;Agata K;Salzburger W;Ladurner P
通讯作者：
Ladurner P
影响因子：
10.7
作者：
Carranza, S;Baguna, J;Riutort, M
通讯作者：
Riutort, M