Sulphate and nitrate concentrations in snow from South Greenland 1895–1978
Sulphate and nitrate concentrations in snow from South Greenland 1895–1978
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DOI：
10.1038/314611a0
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发表时间：
1985-04
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Albrecht Neftel;Jürg H. Beer;H. Oeschger;F. Zürcher;Robert C. Finkel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Albrecht Neftel;Jürg H. Beer;H. Oeschger;F. Zürcher;Robert C. Finkel
对酸雨现象的理解需要确定影响雨水ph值的物种的来源，包括自然的和人为的，以及它们的时空发展。关于降水酸度历史发展的少量数据来自城市地区或其附近地区，在这些地区，局部影响占主导地位，使半球格局模糊不清。格陵兰冰盖使我们能够在一个不受局部影响的偏远地区追踪酸雨的演变。硫酸和硝酸是在降水中占主导地位的两种酸性物质。我们在此报告了1895-1978年期间样品中[SO42−]和[NO3−]的测量结果。样本，每个覆盖1年，取自在南格陵兰岛Dye 3钻孔的70米岩心；在此期间，[NO3−]和[SO42−]均增加了约2倍。通过将硝酸盐和硫酸盐的近期浓度与自然来源的浓度进行比较，我们得出结论，在20世纪50年代后期，人为排放的前体（NOx, SO2）已经超过了自然来源。
An understanding of the phenomenon of acid rain requires the identification of the sources of the species affecting thepH of rainwater, both natural and anthropogenic, and their temporal and spatial development. The scant data concerning the historical development of the acidity in precipitation are from urban regions or their vicinity, where local effects dominate and obscure the hemispherical pattern1. The Greenland ice sheet allows us to trace the evolution of the acid rain in a remote location that is free from local effects. Sulphuric and nitric acids are the two species that dominate the acidity in precipitation2–4. We report here measurements of [SO42−] and [NO3−] in firn samples spanning the period 1895–1978. Samples, each covering 1 yr, were taken from a 70-m core drilled at Dye 3, South Greenland; [NO3−] and [SO42−] both increased by a factor of ˜2 during the period. By comparing the recent concentrations of nitrate and sulphate with those resulting from natural sources, we conclude that anthropogenic emissions of the precursors (NOx, SO2) had already surpassed natural sources in the late 1950s.