Functional anatomy of the association between motor units and muscle receptors
Functional anatomy of the association between motor units and muscle receptors
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运动单位和肌肉受体之间关联的功能解剖学
DOI：
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发表时间：
1978
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Stuart
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Botterman;M. Binder;D. Stuart
肌梭和腱器官出现在哺乳动物的大多数躯体肌肉中，并且特别集中在用于精细运动的肌肉中，包括姿势肌和远端肢体的小肌肉。在那些不同的纤维和运动单位类型被“区室化”的混合肌肉中，纺锤体，也许还有腱器官，实际上被限制在那些由“氧化”肌纤维主导的区室中。这些形态学观察基于许多物种中广泛的肌肉，补充了电生理学研究，这些研究强调（1）“氧化”运动单位具有低反射阈值和（2）节段性本体感受反射可能主要与精细分级收缩的控制有关。考虑到运动单位和肌肉受体之间的关联的功能解剖学表明，需要详细的结构功能分析的那些肌肉与专业化的架构，纤维类型的组成和分布，并在其肌梭和肌腱器官的数量和分布。脊髓和这些肌肉之间的关系的电生理学分析也可能揭示某些策略和机制的节段性运动控制，这是不存在的或模糊的分析，选择数量的“均匀混合”的肌肉，传统上用于研究哺乳动物节段性运动控制系统。
Muscle spindles and tendon organs occur in most somatic muscles of the mammal and are particularly concentrated in muscles subserving fine movements, including postural muscles and small muscles of the distal extremities. In those mixed muscles in which the different fiber and motor unit types are “compartmentalized,” the spindles, and perhaps tendon organs also, are virtually limited to those compartments predominated by “oxidative” muscle fibers. These morphological observations based on a broad array of muscles in many species, complement electrophysiological studies which have emphasized that (1) the “oxidative” motor units have low reflex thresholds and (2) segmental proprioceptive reflexes may be primarily concerned with the control of finely graded contractions. Consideration of the functional anatomy of the association between motor units and muscle receptors suggests the need for detailed structural-functional analyses of those muscles with specializations in architecture, fiber-type composition and distribution, and in the number and distribution of their muscle spindles and tendon organs. An electrophysiological analysis of the relationship between the spinal cord and such muscles might also reveal certain strategies and mechanisms underlying segmental motor control which are either absent or obscured in the analysis of that select number of “homogenously-mixed” muscles conventionally used in the study of the mammalian segmental motor control system.