NG2 glial cells regulate neuroimmunological responses to maintain neuronal function and survival.
NG2 glial cells regulate neuroimmunological responses to maintain neuronal function and survival.
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DOI：
10.1038/srep42041
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发表时间：
2017-02-14
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Kataoka Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nakano M;Tamura Y;Yamato M;Kume S;Eguchi A;Takata K;Watanabe Y;Kataoka Y
表达NG 2的神经祖细胞（即，NG 2神经胶质细胞）甚至在成年哺乳动物中枢神经系统（CNS）中保持其增殖和迁移活性，并产生髓鞘形成的少突胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞。虽然NG 2神经胶质细胞已被观察到在接近神经元细胞体，以接受突触输入，实质性的非增殖作用的NG 2神经胶质细胞在成年中枢神经系统仍然不清楚。在本研究中，我们产生了NG 2-HSVtk转基因大鼠，并选择性消融成年CNS中的NG 2胶质细胞。NG 2神经胶质细胞的消融通过激活白细胞介素-1 β（IL-1β）促炎通路导致过度神经炎症，从而导致海马神经元缺陷，导致海马萎缩。此外，我们发现，NG 2胶质细胞源性肝细胞生长因子（HGF）的损失加剧了这些异常。我们的研究结果表明NG 2胶质细胞通过控制神经免疫功能来维持神经元功能和存活。
NG2-expressing neural progenitor cells (i.e., NG2 glial cells) maintain their proliferative and migratory activities even in the adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS) and produce myelinating oligodendrocytes and astrocytes. Although NG2 glial cells have been observed in close proximity to neuronal cell bodies in order to receive synaptic inputs, substantive non-proliferative roles of NG2 glial cells in the adult CNS remain unclear. In the present study, we generated NG2-HSVtk transgenic rats and selectively ablated NG2 glial cells in the adult CNS. Ablation of NG2 glial cells produced defects in hippocampal neurons due to excessive neuroinflammation via activation of the interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) pro-inflammatory pathway, resulting in hippocampal atrophy. Furthermore, we revealed that the loss of NG2 glial cell-derived hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) exacerbated these abnormalities. Our findings suggest that NG2 glial cells maintain neuronal function and survival via the control of neuroimmunological function.