Contextual Predictors of Injection Drug Use Among Black Adolescents and Adults in US Metropolitan Areas, 1993-2007
Contextual Predictors of Injection Drug Use Among Black Adolescents and Adults in US Metropolitan Areas, 1993-2007
复制标题
DOI：
10.2105/ajph.2015.302911
复制
发表时间：
2016-03-01
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
Friedman, Samuel R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cooper, Hannah L. F.;West, Brooke;Friedman, Samuel R.
目标.我们试图确定背景因素是否塑造黑人青少年和成人之间的注射吸毒。在这项对美国95个大都市统计区（MSA）的纵向研究中，我们从3个监测数据库中提取了1993年至2007年黑人青少年和成年人注射吸毒（IDU）流行率的年度MSA特异性估计值。我们使用现有的行政数据来衡量MSA水平的社会经济地位;刑事司法活动;社会福利，卫生和警务支出;黑人起义（1960-1969）和城市更新资金（1949-1974）的历史。我们使用分层线性模型回归了黑人IDU患病率对这些预测因素的影响。黑人IDU流行率较低的MSAs与下降的黑人高中辍学率，黑人起义的历史，黑人居民的比例较高，并在MSAs，1992年白色收入高，1992年黑人收入较高。监禁率是不相关的。背景因素塑造黑人个体之间的毒品使用模式。结构性干预措施，特别是那些改善黑人社会经济安全和政治实力的措施，可能有助于减少黑人青少年和成年人中的IDU。
Objectives. We sought to determine whether contextual factors shape injection drug use among Black adolescents and adults.Methods. For this longitudinal study of 95 US metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs), we drew annual MSA-specific estimates of the prevalence of injection drug use (IDU) among Black adolescents and adults in 1993 through 2007 from 3 surveillance databases. We used existing administrative data to measure MSA-level socioeconomic status; criminal justice activities; expenditures on social welfare, health, and policing; and histories of Black uprisings (1960-1969) and urban renewal funding (1949-1974). We regressed Black IDU prevalence on these predictors by using hierarchical linear models.Results. Black IDU prevalence was lower in MSAs with declining Black high-school dropout rates, a history of Black uprisings, higher percentages of Black residents, and, in MSAs where 1992 White income was high, higher 1992 Black income. Incarceration rates were unrelated.Conclusions. Contextual factors shape patterns of drug use among Black individuals. Structural interventions, especially those that improve Black socioeconomic security and political strength, may help reduce IDU among Black adolescents and adults.