The Long Run Impact of Bombing Vietnam

The Long Run Impact of Bombing Vietnam
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DOI:
10.1016/j.jdeveco.2010.07.004
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发表时间:
2006-01
期刊:
SPGMI: Compustat Fundamentals (Topic)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
E. Miguel;G. Roland
E. Miguel;G. Roland
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
E. Miguel;G. Roland

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我们调查了美国轰炸对越南后来经济发展的影响。越南战争是军事史上最激烈的轰炸行动,并造成了巨大的人道主义代价。我们使用一个独特的美国军事数据集,其中包含地区层面的轰炸强度(N=584),以评估战争破坏是否导致了持续的当地贫困陷阱。我们将轰炸严重的地区与控制地区人口和地理特征的其他地区进行比较,并使用工具变量方法来确定第17个平行非军事区的开发距离。到2002年,美国的轰炸对当地的贫困率、消费水平、基础设施、识字率或人口密度没有负面影响。这一发现表明,即使是人类历史上最猛烈的轰炸也没有在越南造成当地的贫困陷阱。
We investigate the impact of U.S. bombing on later economic development in Vietnam. The Vietnam War featured the most intense bombing campaign in military history and had massive humanitarian costs. We use a unique U.S. military dataset containing bombing intensity at the district level (N=584) to assess whether the war damage led to persistent local poverty traps. We compare the heavily bombed districts to other districts controlling for district demographic and geographic characteristics, and use an instrumental variable approach exploiting distance to the 17th parallel demilitarized zone. U.S. bombing does not have negative impacts on local poverty rates, consumption levels, infrastructure, literacy or population density through 2002. This finding indicates that even the most intense bombing in human history did not generate local poverty traps in Vietnam.