Falling is not just for older women: support for pre-emptive prevention intervention before 60
Falling is not just for older women: support for pre-emptive prevention intervention before 60
复制标题
跌倒不仅仅是老年女性的专利：支持60岁之前预防性干预
作者：
Jennifer C. Nitz;N. L. Choy
目的本研究旨在报道40 - 80岁女性的跌倒情况，并确定可能预测跌倒的因素，从而为早期跌倒和发病率预防干预的需要提供证据。设计和参与者：5年的前瞻性队列研究设计。通过面对面访谈获得年龄、合并症、处方药物数量、跌倒、活动水平和生活状况等个人人口统计数据。研究人员测量了在社区独立生活的妇女的身高、体重、身体质量指数和姿势稳定性。结果将女性分为10岁年龄组，其中463人在第5年进行评估。在基线上，40多岁的女性中有8%，50多岁的女性中有14%，60多岁的女性中有25%，70多岁的女性中有40%在过去的12个月里体重下降。在5年的研究期间，21%的四五十岁女性、31%的六十岁女性和47%的七十岁女性体重下降。“多重坠落者”主要是六七十岁的女性。参数化建模和分类树方法显示，年龄和合并症的数量最能预测跌倒。每增加一种合并症，< 60岁的妇女跌倒的风险增加8%，60岁以下的妇女跌倒的风险增加35%。稳定性和其他人口统计数据并不预示着衰退。对于40岁以上的女性，合并症的数量增加了跌倒的风险。如果他们的年龄超过60岁，跌倒风险会随着其他合并症而上升。从40多岁开始参加预防计划以保持良好的健康，这对预防跌倒至关重要。
Objective This study aimed to report falls and identify factors that might predict a fall in women aged between 40 and 80 years and thus provide evidence of earlier falls and need for morbidity preventive intervention. Design and participants A prospective cohort study design over 5 years. Personal demographic data of age, co-morbidities, number of prescribed medications, falls, activity level and living situation were obtained at face-to-face interview. Height, weight, body mass index and postural stability were measured in participating women living independently in the community. Results Women were categorized into age decade cohorts, with 463 remaining at the year 5 assessment. At baseline, 8% of the women in their forties, 14% in their fifties, 25% in their sixties and 40% in their seventies had fallen in the previous 12 months. Over the 5-year study period, 21% of women in their forties and fifties, 31% of women in their sixties and 47% in their seventies had fallen. Multiple fallers mostly comprised women in their sixties and seventies. Parametric modeling and the classification tree approach revealed age and number of co-morbidities to be most predictive of a fall. Women < 60 years old had an increased risk of a fall by 8% and women > 60 years an increased risk of a fall by 35% with every additional co-morbidity. Stability and other demographics were not predictive of falling. Conclusions For women over 40 years old, the number of co-morbidities increased the risk of a fall. The falls risk escalated with additional co-morbidities if they were over 60 years. Preventive program participation to maintain good health beginning by the forties appears vital to prevent falls.