15-lipoxygenase metabolites of docosahexaenoic acid inhibit prostate cancer cell proliferation and survival.

15-lipoxygenase metabolites of docosahexaenoic acid inhibit prostate cancer cell proliferation and survival.
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0045480
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发表时间:
2012
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Edwards IJ
Edwards IJ
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
O'Flaherty JT;Hu Y;Wooten RE;Horita DA;Samuel MP;Thomas MJ;Sun H;Edwards IJ

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提出15-LOX部分地通过将花生四烯酸、二十碳三烯酸和/或二十碳五烯酸转化为n-6羟基代谢物来抑制前列腺癌的生长。这些代谢物抑制PC 3、LNCaP和DU 145前列腺癌细胞的增殖,但仅在≥1-10 µM时。我们发现,二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)的15-LOX代谢产物17-氢过氧-、17-羟基-、10,17-二羟基-和7,17-二羟基-DHA分别在≥0.001、0.01、1和1 µM时抑制这些细胞的增殖。相比之下,花生四烯酸的相应15-氢过氧基、15-羟基、8,15-二羟基和5,15-二羟基代谢物以及DHA本身需要≥10-100 µM才能做到这一点。与DHA一样,DHA代谢物a)诱导PC 3细胞激活过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体-γ(PPARγ)报告基因,表达多配体蛋白聚糖-1,并发生凋亡,B)通过药理学抑制或敲低PPARγ或多配体蛋白聚糖-1阻止细胞增殖减慢。因此,DHA代谢物通过参与细胞凋亡的PPARγ/syndecan-1途径来减缓前列腺癌细胞增殖,从而可能不仅有助于15-LOX而且还有助于膳食DHA的前列腺癌抑制作用。
A 15-LOX, it is proposed, suppresses the growth of prostate cancer in part by converting arachidonic, eicosatrienoic, and/or eicosapentaenoic acids to n-6 hydroxy metabolites. These metabolites inhibit the proliferation of PC3, LNCaP, and DU145 prostate cancer cells but only at ≥1–10 µM. We show here that the 15-LOX metabolites of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), 17-hydroperoxy-, 17-hydroxy-, 10,17-dihydroxy-, and 7,17-dihydroxy-DHA inhibit the proliferation of these cells at ≥0.001, 0.01, 1, and 1 µM, respectively. By comparison, the corresponding 15-hydroperoxy, 15-hydroxy, 8,15-dihydroxy, and 5,15-dihydroxy metabolites of arachidonic acid as well as DHA itself require ≥10–100 µM to do this. Like DHA, the DHA metabolites a) induce PC3 cells to activate a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) reporter, express syndecan-1, and become apoptotic and b) are blocked from slowing cell proliferation by pharmacological inhibition or knockdown of PPARγ or syndecan-1. The DHA metabolites thus slow prostate cancer cell proliferation by engaging the PPARγ/syndecan-1 pathway of apoptosis and thereby may contribute to the prostate cancer-suppressing effects of not only 15-LOX but also dietary DHA.
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