Coronavirus Disease 2019 Messenger RNA Vaccine Immunogenicity in Immunosuppressed Individuals.

Coronavirus Disease 2019 Messenger RNA Vaccine Immunogenicity in Immunosuppressed Individuals.
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DOI:
10.1093/infdis/jiab569
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发表时间:
2022-04-01
期刊:
The Journal of infectious diseases
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Barouch DH
Barouch DH
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Collier AY;Yu J;McMahan K;Liu J;Atyeo C;Ansel JL;Fricker ZP;Pavlakis M;Curry MP;Jacob-Dolan C;Patel H;Sellers D;Barrett J;Rowe M;Ahmad K;Gompers A;Aguayo R;Chandrashekar A;Alter G;Hacker MR;Barouch DH

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接受免疫抑制(IS)治疗的患者感染严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)的死亡率增加,病毒清除延迟可能导致新的病毒变异。IS疗法减少了冠状病毒病2019年(新冠肺炎)信使核糖核酸疫苗接种后的抗体反应;然而,缺乏对疫苗免疫原性的全面评估。在这里,我们表明,与免疫活性个体相比,新冠肺炎基因疫苗接种后,IS治疗降低了CD_4和CD_8T细胞干扰素-γ反应之外的中和、结合和非中和抗体功能。此外,IS治疗减少了对SARS-CoV-2变种的交叉反应。这些数据表明,标准的新冠肺炎基因疫苗方案可能不会为免疫受损的个体提供最佳保护。与免疫活性对照组相比,各种适应症的免疫抑制患者在接种新冠肺炎基因疫苗后,中和、结合和非中和抗体反应受损,T细胞活性降低。这表明,标准疫苗接种可能不会在这一人群中产生保护性免疫。
Individuals on immunosuppressive (IS) therapy have increased mortality from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, and delayed viral clearance may lead to new viral variants. IS therapy reduces antibody responses following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccination; however, a comprehensive assessment of vaccine immunogenicity is lacking. Here we show that IS therapy reduced neutralizing, binding, and nonneutralizing antibody functions in addition to CD4 and CD8 T-cell interferon-γ responses following COVID-19 mRNA vaccination compared to immunocompetent individuals. Moreover, IS therapy reduced cross-reactivity against SARS-CoV-2 variants. These data suggest that the standard COVID-19 mRNA vaccine regimens will likely not provide optimal protection in immunocompromised individuals. Individuals on immunosuppression for various indications have impaired neutralizing, binding, and nonneutralizing antibody responses and reduced T-cell activity in response to COVID-19 mRNA vaccination compared to immunocompetent controls. This suggests that standard vaccination may not result in protective immunity in this population.
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