Dietary Supplements and Nutraceuticals under Investigation for COVID-19 Prevention and Treatment.
Dietary Supplements and Nutraceuticals under Investigation for COVID-19 Prevention and Treatment.
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DOI：
10.1128/msystems.00122-21
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发表时间：
2021-05-04
期刊：
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Greene CS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lordan R;Rando HM;COVID-19 Review Consortium;Greene CS
2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）已导致全球混乱和重大生命损失。现有的治疗方法可以重新用作预防和治疗药物，这可能会减少大流行的破坏。在其他治疗背景下的潜在应用的新证据导致了对COVID-19的膳食补充剂和营养品的研究。这些产品包括维生素C，维生素D，欧米茄3多不饱和脂肪酸，益生菌和锌，所有这些目前都在临床研究中。在这篇综述中，我们批判性地评估了有关膳食补充剂和营养保健品预防和治疗COVID-19的证据。总的来说，在制定基于证据的建议之前需要进一步的研究，但营养状况在患者结局中起着重要作用，这些产品可能有助于缓解缺陷。例如，有证据表明，维生素D缺乏可能与COVID-19的感染发生率和严重程度增加有关，这表明维生素D补充剂可能具有预防或治疗价值。越来越多的科学组织现在正在考虑向COVID-19高风险人群推荐维生素D补充剂。由于维生素D和其他营养保健品和补充剂的研究是初步的，因此我们在此评估这些营养保健品和膳食补充剂在COVID-19危机中的潜力。重要性膳食补充剂及保健品的销售在疫情期间有所增加，原因是其被视为具有“增强免疫力”的效果。然而，人们对这些膳食补充剂和保健品对新型冠状病毒（严重急性呼吸道综合征冠状病毒2 [SARS-CoV-2]）或其引起的疾病CoV疾病2019（COVID-19）的疗效知之甚少。这篇综述提供了一个关键的概述的潜在的预防和治疗价值的各种膳食补充剂和营养品的证据。这些包括维生素C，维生素D和锌，它们通常被公众视为治疗呼吸道感染或支持免疫健康。消费者需要意识到围绕某些补充剂的错误信息和虚假承诺，这些补充剂可能受到当局的有限监管。然而，需要进行更多的研究来确定膳食补充剂和营养品是否对SARS-CoV-2感染和COVID-19具有预防和治疗价值。这篇综述提供了关于哪些营养保健品和补充剂参与与COVID-19恢复或预防相关的生物过程的观点。
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused global disruption and a significant loss of life. Existing treatments that can be repurposed as prophylactic and therapeutic agents may reduce the pandemic’s devastation. Emerging evidence of potential applications in other therapeutic contexts has led to the investigation of dietary supplements and nutraceuticals for COVID-19. Such products include vitamin C, vitamin D, omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, probiotics, and zinc, all of which are currently under clinical investigation. In this review, we critically appraise the evidence surrounding dietary supplements and nutraceuticals for the prophylaxis and treatment of COVID-19. Overall, further study is required before evidence-based recommendations can be formulated, but nutritional status plays a significant role in patient outcomes, and these products may help alleviate deficiencies. For example, evidence indicates that vitamin D deficiency may be associated with a greater incidence of infection and severity of COVID-19, suggesting that vitamin D supplementation may hold prophylactic or therapeutic value. A growing number of scientific organizations are now considering recommending vitamin D supplementation to those at high risk of COVID-19. Because research in vitamin D and other nutraceuticals and supplements is preliminary, here we evaluate the extent to which these nutraceutical and dietary supplements hold potential in the COVID-19 crisis. IMPORTANCE Sales of dietary supplements and nutraceuticals have increased during the pandemic due to their perceived “immune-boosting” effects. However, little is known about the efficacy of these dietary supplements and nutraceuticals against the novel coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 [SARS-CoV-2]) or the disease that it causes, CoV disease 2019 (COVID-19). This review provides a critical overview of the potential prophylactic and therapeutic value of various dietary supplements and nutraceuticals from the evidence available to date. These include vitamin C, vitamin D, and zinc, which are often perceived by the public as treating respiratory infections or supporting immune health. Consumers need to be aware of misinformation and false promises surrounding some supplements, which may be subject to limited regulation by authorities. However, considerably more research is required to determine whether dietary supplements and nutraceuticals exhibit prophylactic and therapeutic value against SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19. This review provides perspective on which nutraceuticals and supplements are involved in biological processes that are relevant to recovery from or prevention of COVID-19.