Effects of soy isoflavones on atherosclerosis: potential mechanisms
Effects of soy isoflavones on atherosclerosis: potential mechanisms
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/ajcn/68.6.1390s
复制
发表时间：
1998-12-01
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
Williams, JK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anthony, MS;Clarkson, TB;Williams, JK
长期以来，人们一直认为，在大豆消费普遍的日本，冠心病的发病率低于西方国家。在实验研究中，与饲喂动物蛋白的动物相比，饲喂含有大豆蛋白的饲料的动物的动脉粥样硬化程度有所减轻。最近，有几条证据表明，大豆蛋白中降低脂肪浓度的成分可以通过酒精提取(大豆异黄酮染料木素和大豆苷元)。我们最近评估了大豆蛋白和大豆酒精可提取成分对心血管疾病及其危险因素的相对影响。幼年雄性和雌性食蟹猴饲喂含有1)酪蛋白-乳清蛋白作为蛋白质来源(酪蛋白)、2)大豆分离蛋白乙醇提取异黄酮类(SPI-)或3)异黄酮类完整大豆蛋白(SPI+)的日粮。SPI+组在低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇方面有显著改善。与酪蛋白组相比，SPI组男性只有高密度脂蛋白胆固醇显著改善。酪蛋白组动脉粥样硬化最严重，SPI+组最少，SPI-组居中，但与酪蛋白组无显著差异。大豆异黄酮可能预防动脉粥样硬化的潜在机制包括有益于血脂浓度的作用、抗氧化作用、对血管细胞的抗增殖和抗迁移作用、对血栓形成的影响以及维持正常血管反应性。
It has long been recognized that coronary heart disease rates are lower in Japan, where soy consumption is common, than in Western countries. In experimental studies, atherosclerosis was reduced in animals fed diets containing soy protein compared with those fed diets with animal protein. Recently, several lines of evidence have suggested that the components of soy protein that lower lipid concentrations are extractable by alcohol leg, the isoflavones genistein and daidzein). We recently evaluated the relative effect of the soy protein Versus the alcohol-extractable components of soy on cardiovascular disease and its risk factors. Young male and female cynomolgus monkeys were fed diets that contained either 1) casein-lactalbumin as the source of protein (casein), 2) soy protein isolate from which the isoflavones were alcohol extracted (SPI-), or 3) isoflavone-intact soy protein (SPI+). The SPI+ group had significant improvements in LDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol. Only HDL cholesterol was significantly improved in the SPI- group males compared with the casein group. The casein group had the most atherosclerosis, the SPI+ group had the least, and the SPI- group was intermediate but did not differ significantly from the casein group. Potential mechanisms by which soy isoflavones might prevent atherosclerosis include a beneficial effect on plasma lipid concentrations, antioxidant effects, antiproliferative and antimigratory effects on smooth muscle cells, effects on thrombus formation, and maintenance of normal vascular reactivity.