The Ebola outbreak, 2013-2016: old lessons for new epidemics.
The Ebola outbreak, 2013-2016: old lessons for new epidemics.
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2016.0297
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发表时间：
2017-05-26
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Heymann DL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Coltart CE;Lindsey B;Ghinai I;Johnson AM;Heymann DL
埃博拉病毒在人类中引起严重出血热，具有很高的病死率和显著的流行潜力。2013-2016年西非疫情的规模前所未有，比以往所有疫情的总和还要大，报告病例为28646例，报告死亡人数为11223人。它的地理分布和多国分布也是独一无二的。从世界上最大的埃博拉疫情中吸取的教训不能丢失，这一点至关重要。这篇文章旨在详细描述疫情的演变。我们将此次埃博拉疫情与之前的埃博拉疫情联系起来，并概述了有关其起源和出现的理论。按时间顺序按国家描述疫情，包括流行病学参数和疫情控制战略的实施情况。然后，我们总结了导致快速和广泛传播的因素，并强调了从这次疫情和应对中吸取的关键成功、失败和教训。本文是《2013-2016年西非埃博拉疫情：数据、决策和疾病控制》专题的一部分。
Ebola virus causes a severe haemorrhagic fever in humans with high case fatality and significant epidemic potential. The 2013–2016 outbreak in West Africa was unprecedented in scale, being larger than all previous outbreaks combined, with 28 646 reported cases and 11 323 reported deaths. It was also unique in its geographical distribution and multicountry spread. It is vital that the lessons learned from the world's largest Ebola outbreak are not lost. This article aims to provide a detailed description of the evolution of the outbreak. We contextualize this outbreak in relation to previous Ebola outbreaks and outline the theories regarding its origins and emergence. The outbreak is described by country, in chronological order, including epidemiological parameters and implementation of outbreak containment strategies. We then summarize the factors that led to rapid and extensive propagation, as well as highlight the key successes, failures and lessons learned from this outbreak and the response. This article is part of the themed issue ‘The 2013–2016 West African Ebola epidemic: data, decision-making and disease control’.